Measured bremsstrahlung photonuclear production of 99Mo (99mTc) with 34 MeV to 1.7 GeV electrons

Abstract

(99)Mo photonuclear yield was measured using high-energy electrons from Laser Plasma Accelerators and natural molybdenum. Spectroscopically resolved electron beams allow comparisons to Monte Carlo calculations using known (100)Mo(γ,n)(99)Mo cross sections. Yields are consistent with published low-energy data, and higher energy data are well predicted from the calculations. The measured yield is (15±2)×10(-5) atoms/electron (0.92±0.11 GBq/μA) for 25 mm targets at 33.7 MeV, rising to (1391±20)×10(-5) atoms/electron (87±2 GBq/μA) for 54 mm/ 1.7 GeV, with peak power-normalized yield at 150 MeV.

Design of an X -band electron linear accelerator dedicated to decentralized Mo99/TcJang1, Yamamoto2, Uesaka3 2017Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams10020View full textAdd to dashboardCite

“…We were unable to compare our 99 Mo-yield estimate with those of the previous studies [23,[25][26][27]29] for the following reasons: First, at an instant of irradiation time, the bremsstrahlung distribution in a target of enr Mo and hence the 99 Mo yield depend not only on the electron beam energy, but also on the compositions and dimensions of the nat W-enr Mo target assembly, which are not necessarily the same in different studies. Second, the 99 Mo-yield normalization is often inconsistent across studies.…”

“…Second, the 99 Mo-yield normalization is often inconsistent across studies. For instance, some authors [25][26][27] used the masses of involved Mo nuclides, beam power, and irradiation time to express their unit 99 Mo yields, while some, [23,29] including us, used the beam power only. If a standard allowing such comparison is established, more reliable yield estimations can be made in future works.…”

“…On this account, several accelerator-based alternatives to the fission-based 99 Mo= 99m Tc production scheme have been explored, including (1) direct production of 99m Tc via 100 Moðp; 2nÞ 99m Tc using a cyclotron [20,21]; (2) production of 99 Mo via 100 Moðn; 2nÞ 99 Mo using a cyclotron as the neutron source [22]; and (3) production of 99 Mo via 100 Moðγ; nÞ 99 Mo using an electron linear accelerator (linac) as the photon source [7,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Among these proposals, we consider the electron-linac method a viable approach for the following reasons.…”

Molybdenum(VI) Coordination in Tributyl Phosphate Chloride Based System

“…The radioactive isotope, 99 Mo, is a parent of the most widely used diagnostic radioisotope, 99m Tc, which is used to diagnose millions of cases of heart disease and cancer every year. As alternatives to the fission-based production technologies for 99 Mo, there has been a noteworthy interest in use of enriched 100 Mo or 98 Mo for its production using 100 Mo­(γ, n) 99 Mo by accelerator, − by neutron capture via 98 Mo­(n, γ) 99 Mo, − or direct production of 99m Tc via 100 Mo­(p, 2n) 99m Tc using cyclotrons. , To separate trace Tc from low specific activity (LSA) 99 Mo produced in (γ, n) and (n, γ) production pathways, different generator system is needed. Several options for LSA Mo/Tc generator systems have been recently discussed .…”

Dynamics and density distributions in a capillary-discharge waveguide with an embedded supersonic jet

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The unique properties of LPAs, including high peak brightness, femtosecond bunch durations, and intrinsic synchronization to the laser system, promise to enable a wide variety of new, exciting, table-top-scale applications ranging from high-energy physics to medicine to ultrafast science. [6][7][8][9][10] The high acceleration gradients are achieved by using relativistically-intense laser pulses to excite electrondensity waves in a plasma which yield $GV=cm electrostatic fields that are thousands of times higher than can be achieved in RF-based conventional accelerators. Due to the highly nonlinear nature of this process, however, LPAs currently suffer from large energy spreads, difficulties in tuning parameters, and a high degree of shot-to-shot variability relative to their RF counterparts.…”