Measured Indoor Aerosol Concentration Arising from Commonly-Used Food and Medicinal Powders: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Inhalation exposures in the ambient environment may trigger allergic or other adverse responses in susceptible individuals, and this study aims to elucidate the contribution, if any, of airborne particles resulting from commonly-used medicinal and food powders to this response. In a laboratory room, six powders (two types of paracetamol-containing sachet, dried skimmed milk, instant coffee powder containing milk, a non-dairy coffee whitener containing milk protein, and a powdered peanut butter) were individually utilised under representative "real life" conditions, with ten replicates in each case. Particle concentrations were measured at the emission location and at a distance of 1 m. For each powder, a large variation in evolved particle concentrations is seen between individual events. Of the powders tested, only flavoured paracetamol demonstrated any potential for dispersion to a distance of 1 m from the source. Short term exposures were estimated and from these, it was concluded that the particle concentrations evolving from powdered peanut butter and paracetamol powders were of little concern, although further investigation of specific scenarios is merited. The range of short-term exposures calculated for milk powder products was 0.019-0.087 µg, which was comparable to estimated levels that have elicited adverse health responses in other studies.