Measurement Accuracy of an Upper Limb Tracking System Based on Two Hillcrest Labs BNO080 IMU Sensors: An Environmental Assessment

Stanzani, Ronny; Dondero, P.; Mantero, A.; Testa, Marco

doi:10.1109/jsen.2020.2992733

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Other research works use as reference optoelectronic or camera-based systems [ 8 , 33 , 39 ]. Previous works study the reliability and accuracy of custom developed sensors using robotic arms [ 12 , 39 ] and optoelectronic systems [ 11 , 14 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important part of the hardware cost is related to the internal IMU. In the proposed system the chosen IMU is the BNO080, same as in [ 12 ]. Other commonly used IMUs in previous works are MPU6050 [ 61 ], MPU9150 [ 39 ], MPU9250 [ 62 ] or BNO055 [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, no experiments have been conducted to measure the impact of the internal drift of the IMU sensor. Drift can limit the usability of the system, and this has been previously evaluated in other works, such as [ 12 ]. In the future, we aim to evaluate the use of the proposed system in more specific medical and industrial applications that require longer capture times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies concentrate their efforts on obtaining the most accurate kinematic analysis of the movement [ 8 ], which is useful for identifying biomechanical disorders or atypical patterns of neuromuscular control [ 9 ]. IMU-based systems have proven to be useful for assessing upper limb movements [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], lower limb movements [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], and gait [ 3 , 15 , 17 , 18 ]. The applicability of these solutions is supported by comparative precision studies with optoelectronic systems, considered the gold standard in movement acquisition [ 19 ], traditional measurement tools such as goniometers [ 20 ], isokinetic dynamometers [ 14 , 21 ], or custom designed measurement tools using servomotors for static and dynamic testing [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significantly, few works record the orientation of upper and lower limbs at the same time [ 1 , 41 ]. Furthermore, in some studies the wearables are wire connected [ 10 , 12 ] or do not provide real-time data streaming to another device, but store it in Secure Digital (SD) or internal memories [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Custom IMU-Based Wearable System for Robust 2.4 GHz Wireless Human Body Parts Orientation Tracking and 3D Movement Visualization on an Avatar

González-Alonso

Oviedo-Pastor

Hernández

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Recent studies confirm the applicability of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-based systems for human motion analysis. Notwithstanding, high-end IMU-based commercial solutions are yet too expensive and complex to democratize their use among a wide range of potential users. Less featured entry-level commercial solutions are being introduced in the market, trying to fill this gap, but still present some limitations that need to be overcome. At the same time, there is a growing number of scientific papers using not commercial, but custom do-it-yourself IMU-based systems in medical and sports applications. Even though these solutions can help to popularize the use of this technology, they have more limited features and the description on how to design and build them from scratch is yet too scarce in the literature. The aim of this work is two-fold: (1) Proving the feasibility of building an affordable custom solution aimed at simultaneous multiple body parts orientation tracking; while providing a detailed bottom-up description of the required hardware, tools, and mathematical operations to estimate and represent 3D movement in real-time. (2) Showing how the introduction of a custom 2.4 GHz communication protocol including a channel hopping strategy can address some of the current communication limitations of entry-level commercial solutions. The proposed system can be used for wireless real-time human body parts orientation tracking with up to 10 custom sensors, at least at 50 Hz. In addition, it provides a more reliable motion data acquisition in Bluetooth and Wi-Fi crowded environments, where the use of entry-level commercial solutions might be unfeasible. This system can be used as a groundwork for developing affordable human motion analysis solutions that do not require an accurate kinematic analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Custom IMU-Based Wearable System for Robust 2.4 GHz Wireless Human Body Parts Orientation Tracking and 3D Movement Visualization on an Avatar

González-Alonso

Oviedo-Pastor

Hernández

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Robustness and static-positional accuracy of the SteamVR 1.0 virtual reality tracking system

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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The use of low-cost immersive virtual reality systems is rapidly expanding. Several studies started to analyse the accuracy of virtual reality tracking systems, but they did not consider in depth the effects of external interferences in the working area. In line with that, this study aimed at exploring the static-positional accuracy and the robustness to occlusions inside the capture volume of the SteamVR (1.0) tracking system. To do so, we ran 3 different tests in which we acquired the position of HTC Vive PRO Trackers (2018 version) on specific points of a grid drawn on the floor, in regular tracking conditions and with partial and total occlusions. The tracking system showed a high inter- and intra-rater reliability and detected a tilted surface with respect to the floor plane. Every acquisition was characterised by an initial random offset. We estimated an average accuracy of 0.5 ± 0.2 cm across the entire grid (XY-plane), noticing that the central points were more accurate (0.4 ± 0.1 cm) than the outer ones (0.6 ± 0.1 cm). For the Z-axis, the measurements showed greater variability and the accuracy was equal to 1.7 ± 1.2 cm. Occlusion response was tested using nonparametric Bland–Altman statistics, which highlighted the robustness of the tracking system. In conclusion, our results promote the SteamVR system for static measures in the clinical field. The computed error can be considered clinically irrelevant for exercises aimed at the rehabilitation of functional movements, whose several motor outcomes are generally measured on the scale of metres.

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Development of an end-to-end hardware and software pipeline for affordable and feasible ergonomics assessment in the automotive industry

González-Alonso,

Simón-Martínez,

Antón-Rodríguez

et al. 2024

Safety Science

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Measurement Accuracy of an Upper Limb Tracking System Based on Two Hillcrest Labs BNO080 IMU Sensors: An Environmental Assessment

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Custom IMU-Based Wearable System for Robust 2.4 GHz Wireless Human Body Parts Orientation Tracking and 3D Movement Visualization on an Avatar

Custom IMU-Based Wearable System for Robust 2.4 GHz Wireless Human Body Parts Orientation Tracking and 3D Movement Visualization on an Avatar

Robustness and static-positional accuracy of the SteamVR 1.0 virtual reality tracking system

Development of an end-to-end hardware and software pipeline for affordable and feasible ergonomics assessment in the automotive industry

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