Measurement and Correlation of the Solubility of Sodium 2-Chlorotoluene-4-sulfonate in Selected Pure Solvents and Aqueous Organic Solutions

Abstract

The solubilities of the sodium 2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonate (CTSNa) in water, methanol, formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), binary (methanol + water) mixed solvents, and binary (ethanol + water) mixed solvents were determined experimentally over the temperature range from (280 to 335) K at atmospheric pressure using a dynamic method. The mole fraction of water in the two solvent mixtures ranged from 0.0000 to 1.0000 and 0.2006 to 1.0000, respectively. A synergistic effect on CTSNa solubility was observed with the maximum solubility at solute-free mole fraction of ethanol x 2 0 = 0.2082 and solute-free mole fraction of methanol x 3 0 = 0.3985, respectively. The solubility data were correlated with the thermodynamic electrolyte nonrandom two-liquid (E-NRTL) model and the root-mean-square deviations of solubility temperature varied from (0.24 to 1.10) K.

Solubility Measurement, Model Correlation, and Solute–Solvent Interactions of Pidotimod in Nine Pure Solvents and Two Binary Solvents at Temperatures Ranging from 278.15 to 323.15 K

“…The solubility of pidotimod in 11 pure solvents and 2 binary solvent mixtures was measured by a dynamic method − and employing a laser-monitoring observation technique to determine the dissolution data.…”

“…Hence, we employed a dynamic equilibrium method to determine the reliable solubility of pidotimod in a variety of pure and binary solvents within the temperature range of 278.15–323.15 K at atmospheric pressure. − Eleven pure solvents, water, methanol, benzyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, iso -propanol, n -butanol, acetonitrile, N , N -dimethyl formamide (DMF), ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate were selected; the modified Apelblat, Wilson, and NRTL models were applied to correlate the pure solubility data, respectively. Furthermore, the mole fraction solubility of pidotimod in two binary solvents mixtures, methanol + acetone and methanol + butyl acetate was also investigated, the effects of the mass fraction of methanol in binary solvent mixtures (from 0.1 to 0.9) on the equilibrium solubility were studied, ,,− and corresponding binary solubility data were fitted by the Wilson, NRTL, and CNIBS/R–K Models.…”

Thermodynamic Studies of Solubility for Naphthalene in 12 Solvents from 279 to 330 K

“…The solubilities of naphthalene in 12 organic solvents were measured by the dynamic method − combining with the laser-monitoring observation technique to observe the dissolving process. The process of the solubility experiments was specifically described as follows.…”

Optimal Design of Neutralization Process in 1,5-Dihydroxynaphthalene Production with Solubility Difference of Naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic Acid and Naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic Acid Disodium in Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Solutions

“…The solubilities of 1,5-H 2 NDS·2H 2 O and 1,5-Na 2 NDS·H 2 O in aqueous sulfuric acid were measured by the dynamic method − and combined with the laser monitoring observation technique to observe the dissolving process.…”