Measurement and general modeling of optical rotation in anisotropic crystal

Laboratory tools and e-learning elements in training of acousto-optics

“…We conclude that both laboratories directly offer the fundamental knowledge for both undergraduate courses and advanced research in utilizing the AO effect. The training can be beneficial in a PhD thesis work 13 or in a photonics related profession. For example, the concept of modulation can be readily extended to standing acoustic wave AO cells with self modulation to get mode locking of lasers with large modulation depth and low duty factor 4 .…”

“…The AM modulated input electric signal can be described as , is also plotted in Figure 5. From these measurements, the low distortion region at 1 < the foldback appears at the signal peaks due to the nonlinear transfer function of Equation (13). The setup can be used even to visualize the temperature dependence of the transfer function: the peak foldback in the modulated intensity of the diffracted beam (Figure 6b) will increase as the average acoustic power inside the cell is reduced (Figure 6c) due to the shift of the transfer function towards higher driving powers.…”

“…Although training starts at BSc level of higher education in physics, several demonstration activities involving acousto-optics present each year for secondary school pupils orienting them among faculties and specializations. The training continues at MSc then PhD levels offering research activities in the topic 13 . Next, we introduce this training set in the framework of two related laboratory exercises set at BSc and MSc levels.…”