Measurement and prediction of speech and noise levels and the Lombard effect in eating establishments

Hodgson, Murray; Steininger, Gavin; Razavi, Zohreh

doi:10.1121/1.2535571

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The results agree with the results given in Table 1 by Hodgson et al 6 In that table, maximum L eq levels are of the order of 75-79 dB, apart from one bistro with "loud music" where levels of 82 dB have been measured.…”

Section: B Curve For Architectural Practicesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…6 In the AL cons measuring method a value of Q = 2.5, or DI= 4.0 dB, is generally used. 13 In most practical situations the first term in Eq.…”

Section: A Reverberation Time and Sound Pressure Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 Recently, Hodgson et al have published results based on measurements taken in ten eating establishments with different acoustic characteritics. 6 The values differed from 0.40 to 2.61 dB/ dB but the type of background noise was very varied, since, for instance, loud café music was also taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of room absorption on human vocal output in multitalker situations

Nijs

Saher

Ouden

2008

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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People increase their vocal output in noisy environments. This is known as the Lombard effect. The aim of the present study was to measure the effect as a function of the absorption coefficient. The noise source was generated by using other talkers in the room. A-weighted sound levels were measured in a 108 m 3 test room. The number of talkers varied from one to four and the absorption coefficients from 0.12 to 0.64. A model was introduced based on the logarithmic sum of the level found in an anechoic room plus the increasing portion of noise levels up to 80 dB. Results show that the model fits the measurements when a maximum slope of 0.5 dB per 1.0 dB increase in background level is used. Hence Lombard slopes vary from 0.2 dB/ dB at 50 dB background level to 0.5 dB/ dB at 80 dB. In addition, both measurements and the model predict a decrease of 5.5 dB per doubling of absorbing area in a room when the number of talkers is constant. Sound pressure levels increase for a doubling of talkers from 3 dB for low densities to 6 dB for dense crowds. Finally, there was correspondence between the model estimation and previous measurements reported in the literature.

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Section: B Curve For Architectural Practicesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…6 In the AL cons measuring method a value of Q = 2.5, or DI= 4.0 dB, is generally used. 13 In most practical situations the first term in Eq.…”

Section: A Reverberation Time and Sound Pressure Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of room absorption on human vocal output in multitalker situations

Nijs

Saher

Ouden

2008

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…We know real listening environments are often noisy (Hodgson, Steininger, & Razavi, 2007;Olsen, 1998;Smeds, Wolters, & Rung, 2015). Recognizing speech in noise is a difficult task for many listeners, particularly those who are older and have hearing loss.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dynamic Pitch on Speech Recognition in Temporally Modulated Noise

Shen

Souza

2017

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose This study investigated the effect of dynamic pitch in target speech on older and younger listeners' speech recognition in temporally modulated noise. First, we examined whether the benefit from dynamic-pitch cues depends on the temporal modulation of noise. Second, we tested whether older listeners can benefit from dynamic-pitch cues for speech recognition in noise. Last, we explored the individual factors that predict the amount of dynamic-pitch benefit for speech recognition in noise. Method Younger listeners with normal hearing and older listeners with varying levels of hearing sensitivity participated in the study, in which speech reception thresholds were measured with sentences in nonspeech noise. Results The younger listeners benefited more from dynamic pitch for speech recognition in temporally modulated noise than unmodulated noise. Older listeners were able to benefit from the dynamic-pitch cues but received less benefit from noise modulation than the younger listeners. For those older listeners with hearing loss, the amount of hearing loss strongly predicted the dynamic-pitch benefit for speech recognition in noise. Conclusions Dynamic-pitch cues aid speech recognition in noise, particularly when noise has temporal modulation. Hearing loss negatively affects the dynamic-pitch benefit to older listeners with significant hearing loss.

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“…The error bars represent 695% confidence interval. real world (Hodgson et al, 2007). That is, WDRC (particularly fast-acting WDRC) may decrease intelligibility by providing the listener with a poorer SNR, especially with less modulated noise sources.…”

Section: Effect Of Background Talker Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of reverberation, background talker number, and compression release time on signal-to-noise ratio

Reinhart¹,

Zahorik²,

Souza³

2017

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) processing in hearing aids alters the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a speech-in-noise signal. This effect depends on the modulations of the speech and noise, input SNR, and WDRC speed. The purpose of the present experiment was to examine the change in output SNR caused by the interaction between modulation characteristics and WDRC speed. Two modulation manipulations were examined: (1) reverberation and (2) variation in background talker number. Results indicated that fast-acting WDRC altered SNR more than slow-acting WDRC; however, reverberation reduced this difference. Additionally, less modulated maskers led to poorer output SNRs than modulated maskers.

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Measurement and prediction of speech and noise levels and the Lombard effect in eating establishments

Cited by 70 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of room absorption on human vocal output in multitalker situations

Effect of room absorption on human vocal output in multitalker situations

The Effect of Dynamic Pitch on Speech Recognition in Temporally Modulated Noise

Effects of reverberation, background talker number, and compression release time on signal-to-noise ratio

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