Measurement and significance of the direct discharge of groundwater into the coastal zone

Burnett, William C.; Taniguchi, Makoto; Oberdorfer, June A.

doi:10.1016/s1385-1101(01)00075-2

Cited by 256 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…By comparison, submarine groundwater fluxes along the eastern coast of the USA range between 5 and 10 l m −2 d −1 (Simmons, 1992), while those at the Aleutian subduction zone are more in line with our data, with an average of 240 l m −2 d −1 (Suess et al, 1998). Additional estimates of SGD and seepage flux on a global scale, though quite limited, were presented by Burnett et al (2001) and Taniguchi et al (2002). Despite the wide range of variability in SGD calculations (depending on techniques, sediment type, location, etc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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The discharge of groundwater into the sea affects surrounding environments by changing the salinity, temperature and nutrient regimes. This work reports the spatial effects of a submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) on the abundance and structure of the meiofaunal community in the shallow area of Puck Bay (Baltic Sea). Several field expeditions in the years 2009 and 2010 found that low-saline groundwater escapes into the bay from permeable, sandy, near-shore sediments. The SGD literature has grown rapidly during the current decade; however, the effects of this type of disturbance on the shallow sandy bottom fauna have thus far been little studied. We provide evidence that the discharge of groundwater has a clear effect on meiofaunal assemblages in the research area. This effect was reflected in a significant decline of certain meiofaunal taxa, mainly nematodes and harpacticoids, as well as in altered patterns of temporal distribution and small-scale (vertical) zonation of meiofaunal assemblages. Overlooking submarine groundwater discharge processes may lead to serious misinterpretations of ecological data. It is clear that groundwater discharge phenomena should be considered in future scientific studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…Reviews are available that focus on SGD including the underlying mechanisms (i.e., driving forces) Santos et al, 2012b], associated chemical fluxes to the ocean [Slomp and Van Cappellen, 2004;Moore, 2010;Knee and Paytan, 2012] and measurement techniques [Burnett et al, 2001;Taniguchi et al, 2003]. Similarly, reviews that provide a synthesis of the growing number of SGD field studies are available Kwon et al, 2014;Cho and Kim, 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Robinson¹,

Xin²,

Santos³

et al. 2018

Advances in Water Resources

228

148

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Sustainable coastal resource management requires sound understanding of interactions between coastal unconfined aquifers and the ocean as these interactions influence the flux of chemicals to the coastal ocean and the availability of fresh groundwater resources. The importance of submarine groundwater discharge in delivering chemical fluxes to the coastal ocean and the critical role of the subterranean estuary (STE) in regulating these fluxes is well recognized. STEs are complex and dynamic systems exposed to various physical, hydrological, geological, and chemical conditions that act on disparate spatial and temporal scales. This paper provides a review of the effect of factors that influence flow and salt transport in STEs, evaluates current understanding on the interactions between these influences, and synthesizes understanding of drivers of nutrient, carbon, greenhouse gas, metal and organic contaminant fluxes to the ocean.Based on this review, key research needs are identified. While the effects of density and tides are well understood, episodic and longer-period forces as well as the interactions between multiple influences remain poorly understood. Many studies continue to focus on idealized nearshore aquifer systems and future work needs to consider real world complexities such as geological heterogeneities, and non-uniform and evolving alongshore and cross-shore morphology. There is also a significant need for multidisciplinary research to unravel the interactions between physical and biogeochemical processes in the STE, as most existing studies treat these processes in isolation. Better understanding of this complex and dynamic system can improve sustainable management of coastal water resources under the influence of anthropogenic pressures and climate change.

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“…Geochemical budgets associated with water transport and reactions in subterranean estuaries are poorly constrained, mainly because they are difficult interfaces from which to collect samples (Burnett et al, 2001(Burnett et al, , 2002. Recent studies indicate that groundwater-seawater interactions in subterranean estuaries may be important sources of Ba, Ra and Sr to the ocean; the oceanic budgets of these and other inorganic elements need to be reevaluated with respect to processes in subterranean estuaries (Moore, 1996;Basu et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace element cycling in a subterranean estuary: Part 2. Geochemistry of the pore water

Charette

Sholkovitz

2006

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

275

184

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Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important source of dissolved elements to the ocean, yet little is known regarding the chemical reactions that control their flux from sandy coastal aquifers. The net flux of elements from SGD to the coastal ocean is dependent on biogeochemical reactions in the groundwater-seawater mixing zone, recently termed the "subterranean estuary". This paper is the second in a two part series on the biogeochemistry of the Waquoit Bay coastal aquifer/subterranean estuary. The first paper addressed the biogeochemistry of Fe, Mn, P, Ba, U, and Th from the perspective of the sediment composition of cores (Charette et al., 2005). This paper uses pore water data from the subterranean estuary, along with Bay surface water data, to establish a more detailed view into the estuarine chemistry and the chemical diagenesis of Fe, Mn, U, Ba and Sr in coastal aquifers.Nine high-resolution pore water (groundwater) profiles were collected from the head of the bay during July 2002. There were non-conservative additions of both Ba and Sr in the salinity transition zone of the subterranean estuary. However, the extent of Sr release was significantly less than that of its alkaline earth neighbor Ba. Pore water Ba concentrations approached 3000 nM compared with 25-50 nM in the surface waters of the bay; the pore water Sr-salinity distribution suggests a 26 % elevation in the amount of Sr added to the subterranean estuary. The release of dissolved Ba to the mixing zone of surface estuaries is frequently attributed to an ion-exchange process whereby seawater cations react with Ba from river suspended clay mineral particles at low to intermediate salinity. Results presented here suggest that reductive dissolution of Mn oxides, in conjunction with changes in salinity, may also be an important process in maintaining high concentrations of Ba in the pore water of subterranean estuaries.In contrast, pore water U was significantly depleted in the subterranean estuary, a result of SGD-driven circulation of seawater through reducing permeable sediments. This finding is supported by surface water concentrations of U in the bay, which were significantly depleted in U compared with adjacent coastal waters. Using a global estimate of SGD, we calculate U removal in subterranean estuaries at 20 x 10 6 mol U y -1 , which is the same order of magnitude as the other major U sinks for the ocean. Our results suggest a need to revisit and reevaluate the oceanic budgets for elements that are likely influenced by SGD-associated processes.3

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Measurement and significance of the direct discharge of groundwater into the coastal zone

Cited by 256 publications

References 25 publications

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Trace element cycling in a subterranean estuary: Part 2. Geochemistry of the pore water

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