Measurement-Based Extraction and Analysis of a Temperature-Dependent Equivalent-Circuit Model for a SAW Resonator: From Room Down to Cryogenic Temperatures

Crupi, Giovanni; Gugliandolo, Giovanni; Campobello, Giuseppe; Donato, Nicola

doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3066345

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The SAW resonator selected in this work is a two-port packaged device with a nominal resonant frequency of 423.22 MHz. An equivalent-circuit model for a SAW resonator has already been developed and tested at room and cryogenic temperature [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. It is worth noting that the topology of the equivalent-circuit model and the methodology for extracting the model elements are independent of the temperature condition; on the other hand, the behavior of the SAW device and the values of the model elements vary with changing temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The developed study, based on coupling an extensive temperature-dependent experimental characterization with equivalent-circuit modeling, enabled us to analyze in detail the SAW performance over the temperature range from 0 °C to 100 °C and to verify the accuracy and robustness of the modeling procedure, also at high-temperature conditions. Moreover, in order to further extend the previous studies [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], the extraction process is improved for a more accurate determination of the model parameters (i.e., the values of the equivalent-circuit elements). This improvement is accomplished by using a complex Lorentzian function to fit both real and imaginary parts of the short-circuit input and output admittances (i.e., Y 11 and Y 22 ) rather than a real Lorentzian function to fit only the real part of them [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], thereby allowing an improvement in the determination of the resonant parameters, which are used for the extraction of the equivalent-circuit elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in order to further extend the previous studies [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], the extraction process is improved for a more accurate determination of the model parameters (i.e., the values of the equivalent-circuit elements). This improvement is accomplished by using a complex Lorentzian function to fit both real and imaginary parts of the short-circuit input and output admittances (i.e., Y 11 and Y 22 ) rather than a real Lorentzian function to fit only the real part of them [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], thereby allowing an improvement in the determination of the resonant parameters, which are used for the extraction of the equivalent-circuit elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equivalent Circuit Model Extraction for a SAW Resonator: Below and above Room Temperature

Gugliandolo

Marinković

Crupi

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In this work, a SAW resonator is characterized in terms of admittance (Y-) parameters in the temperature range spanning from 0 °C to 100 °C, with the aim of highlighting how its physical properties are affected by the temperature change. A lumped-element equivalent-circuit model is used to represent the device under test at the considered temperature conditions and a parameters extraction process based on a Lorentzian fitting is developed for the determination of the equivalent-circuit elements in the investigated temperature range. A very good agreement is observed between the performed measurements and the model simulations. The characterization process and the subsequent equivalent-circuit parameters extraction at different temperature values are described and discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Equivalent Circuit Model Extraction for a SAW Resonator: Below and above Room Temperature

Gugliandolo

Marinković

Crupi

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…[2,4,6]. That is why the impedance matching techniques should be considered with an equivalent circuit model for each transducer application [7,8]. An equivalent circuit model has an important role to express the physical operation phenomenon of a transducer [1,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Estimation Method of an Electrical Equivalent Circuit Considering Acoustic Radiation Efficiency for a Multiple Resonant Transducer

Lee

Baek

et al. 2021

Electronics

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The electrical equivalent model of an underwater acoustic transducer must be exactly defined in the operating frequency band to improve the driving efficiency between a sonar transmitter and a transducer. This paper used the PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm to estimate electrical equivalent circuit parameters of a transducer that has multiple resonant modes. The proposed method used a new fitness function to minimize the estimation error between the measured impedance of the transducer and the estimated impedance. The difference to the previous method is that the proposed method considered interference effects of the adjacent resonant modes. Additionally, this paper analyzed the effective power and separated the mechanical and acoustical resistance by considering the acoustic radiation efficiency of the transducer. As a result, the proposed method estimated all parameters at the resonance points which are influenced by the adjacent resonant modes.

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“…In recent years, the applications of acoustic transducers and transmitters have been expanded for sonar, medical, communications, and industrial purposes [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The mechanical and acoustic operations of an acoustic transducer are generally expressed as an electrical equivalent circuit model [7][8][9]. An electrical equivalent circuit is necessary not only to understand the energy transfer phenomenon, but also to design a transmitter driving an acoustic transducer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Design of a Sonar Transmitter for the High-Power Control of Multichannel Acoustic Transducers

et al. 2021

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For driving multichannel underwater acoustic transducers, the integrated design of the transmitter based on the analysis of the widely distributed impedance should be considered. Previous studies focused on either the matching circuit or the fast resonant tracking control. This paper proposes the design and control methods of a sonar transmitter based on the analysis of the impedance distribution. For the transmitter design, the optimization method based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed for estimating the equivalent and matching circuit parameters. The equivalent circuits of the transducer are more precisely designed by using the measured data in both air and water. The fitness function proposed in the matching includes special functions, such as the limitation and parasitic inductances. A comparison of the experimental and simulation results shows that the optimized matching design improved the power factor, and was similar to the experimental result. For the transmitter control, the constant power and voltage control (CPVC) and instant voltage and current control (IVCC) methods are proposed for the variable impedance load. The impedance variation range affects the rated power and rated voltage of the transmitter, and the rating range determines the initial modulation index (MI) of the pulse-width modulation (PWM) control. To verify the control method, an experimental setup including the multichannel acoustic transducers was established. As a result, the constant power and constant voltage were verified with the proposed control, and the instant voltage and current control also worked in the event that the instant voltage or current exceed their threshold values.

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Measurement-Based Extraction and Analysis of a Temperature-Dependent Equivalent-Circuit Model for a SAW Resonator: From Room Down to Cryogenic Temperatures

Cited by 20 publications

References 62 publications

Equivalent Circuit Model Extraction for a SAW Resonator: Below and above Room Temperature

Equivalent Circuit Model Extraction for a SAW Resonator: Below and above Room Temperature

An Estimation Method of an Electrical Equivalent Circuit Considering Acoustic Radiation Efficiency for a Multiple Resonant Transducer

Optimized Design of a Sonar Transmitter for the High-Power Control of Multichannel Acoustic Transducers

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