Measurement by in situ bioassay of water quality in an agricultural catchment

Cholinesterase and glutathione‐S‐transferase activities in freshwater invertebrates as biomarkers to assess pesticide contamination

“…Crane et al [109] used a battery of tests including Anodonta cygnaea GST activity to assess contamination in the Curtisden Green Stream (UK) at several stations, including one where the stream flowed through farmland planted with cereal crops. Glutathione-S-transferase bioassay demonstrated no clear results, suggesting that further refinement is necessary before the technique can be used routinely.…”

SERDP SEED Project (CS-1161) Final Report: Feasibility Study: Lab-on-a-chip and In Situ Bioassay Techniques for Rapid Resolution of Ion Signatures for Disturbances of Biological Significance in Streams

“…However, species typically used in laboratory bioassays have been used successfully in in situ bioassays as well (e.g., Chappie and Burton 1997;Periera et al 2000). But no one species can serve as a surrogate for the response of an entire biological community in a body of water, so attempts should be made to use more than one species, and if possible, consider more than one life stage (Cairns 1983;Cairns and Cherry 1993;Crane et al 1995;Lagadic and Caquet 1998;Parkhurst 1993). Invertebrates tend to be used much more frequently than vertebrates for several reasons.…”

“…While in situ bioassays can be used to obtain rapid predictive results at low cost, studies dealing with environmental damage have clearly demonstrated that the greatest degree of accuracy is obtained by use of multi-tiered or multidisciplinary studies that incorporate a combination of laboratory and field bioassays with field bioassessments (e.g., Cherry et al 2001;Crane et al 1995;Poirier and Surgeoner 1988;Pontasch et al 1989;Soucek et al 2000). Extensive studies clearly would be needed (and justified) for validating and further developing of our predictive approach.…”

“…In short, the time lags are long enough so that if a problem is detected at the community level, it is already too late to implement preventative measures. Bioassays often used in laboratories, such as toxicity tests, cannot provide the realism of exposure conditions that may actually exist (Crane et al 1995;Seager and Maltby 1989;Schulz and Liess 1997;Turnbull and Bevan 1995). For example, significant episodic changes in important chemical or physical factors can easily be missed in a laboratory since test animals are exposed only to "spot" samples of water from the affected environment.…”

Estudos limnológicos e ecotoxicológicos com amostras de água e sedimento do ribeirão Limeira - Piquete/Lorena-SP

“…Pesquisas foram realizadas com quironomídeos em ensaiois in situ, enfocando, principalmente, avaliação de riscos ecológicos, disponibilidade de metais, avaliação de áreas com impactos urbanos e com escoamentos de áreas rurais e agrícolas (CHAPPIE; BURTON, 1997;Crane et al, 1995;SOARES et al, 2005).…”