“…The HOME has been used in medical and epidemiological studies worldwide (e.g., Bradley, Mundfrom, Whiteside, Casey, & Barrett (1994) ; Bradley, Whiteside et al (1994) ; Bradley et al, 1996 , Walkowiak et al, 2001 , Williams et al, 2003 , Black et al, 2004 ), but studies of the psychometric properties of the HOME across cultures are limited. Measures do not always operate similarly across cultures, and it is necessary to examine whether the constructs and items function in a similar fashion across sites (e.g., measurement equivalence/invariance; Pendergast, von der Embse, Kilgus, & Eklund, 2017 ). To that end, the version of the HOME adapted by Black et al (2004) was administered and the psychometric properties examined as part a larger multinational study examining several factors related to child development across each of eight sites: Dhaka, Bangladesh; Vellore, India; Bhakatapur, Nepal; Naushahro Feroze, Pakistan; Fortaleza, Brazil; Loreto, Peru; Venda, South Africa; Haydom, Tanzania.…”