Measurement methods to assess diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM): A systematic review of their measurement properties and meta-analytic reliability generalisation

Water, Alexander T.M. van de; Benjamin, Deenika R.

doi:10.1016/j.math.2015.09.013

Cited by 109 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Today, ultrasound is recommended as a more responsive and reliable method to assess inter-recti distance 2039 However, Van de Water and Benjamin40 argued that palpation may be a sufficient method for detecting presence of DRA. This was the main purpose of our study in addition to comparing risk factors and lumbopelvic pain in women with and without diastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain

et al. 2016

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Background/aimDiastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is defined as a separation of the 2 muscle bellies of rectus abdominis. To date there is scant knowledge on prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of the condition. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of DRA during pregnancy and post partum, presence of possible risk factors, and the occurrence of lumbopelvic pain among women with and without DRA.MethodsThis prospective cohort study followed 300 first-time pregnant women from pregnancy till 12 months post partum. Data were collected by electronic questionnaire and clinical examinations. DRA was defined as a palpated separation of ≥2 fingerbreadths either 4.5 cm above, at or 4.5 cm below the umbilicus. Women with and without DRA were compared with independent samples Student's t-test and χ2/Fisher exact test, and OR with significance level >0.05.ResultsPrevalence of DRA was 33.1%, 60.0%, 45.4%, and 32.6% at gestation week 21, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum, respectively. No difference in risk factors was found when comparing women with and without DRA. OR showed a greater likelihood for DRA among women reporting heavy lifting ≥20 times weekly (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.05 to 4.52). There was no difference in reported lumbopelvic pain (p=0.10) in women with and without DRA.ConclusionsPrevalence of mild DRA was high both during pregnancy and after childbirth. Women with and without DRA reported the same amount of lumbopelvic pain 12 months post partum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain

et al. 2016

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“…Palpation using finger breaths has shown to have an intra‐ and interrater reliability of 0.7 and 0.5, respectively . Van de Water and Benjamin concluded that although fingerbreadths is widely used in clinical practice, it has been under‐evaluated with regards to measurement properties. However, they suggested that it may be a valuable method for screening women for presence of diastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelvic floor muscle function, pelvic floor dysfunction and diastasis recti abdominis: Prospective cohort study

Bø

Hilde

Tennfjord

et al. 2016

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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“…According to a recent metaanalysis, the available in formation supports US as an adequate method to assess diastasis of the recti abdominis muscles [25]. US meas urement of interrectal distance has proven to have good to excellent intraobserver (both testretest and between sessions) and interobserver reproducibility, particularly in the abovenavel level of the abdominal wall [2628].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastasis of rectus abdominis muscles: patterns of anatomical variation as demonstrated by ultrasound

Corvino¹,

Rosa

Sbordone³

et al. 2019

Pol J Radiol

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Purpose:The aim of our study was to categorise the anatomical variations of rectus abdominis muscle diastasis (dia stasis recti) by using ultrasound (US). Material and methods:In a oneyear period 92 women were evaluated with US because of suspected diastasis of rectus muscles. Patients were examined in a supine position, with head extended, upper limbs aligned to the trunk, and knees flexed. US was performed with highfrequency, broadband transducers. Trapezoid fieldofview and extend ed fieldofview were employed to measure diastasis exceeding 5 cm. Diastasis was defined as a margintomargin distance > 20 mm at rest and classified according to the following anatomical patterns: open only above the navel, open only below the navel, open at the navel level, open completely but wider above the navel, and open completely but wider below the navel. Results: Diastasis was found in 82 patients (3061 years old, mean age 35 years). The width was 2197 mm, mean 39 mm. The prevalence and severity of the anatomical patterns was as follows: open only above the navel in 48 pa tients (2188 mm, mean 40 mm), open only below the navel in one patient (33 mm), open at the navel level in seven patients (2339 mm, mean 34 mm), open completely but wider above the navel in 24 patients (2197 mm, mean 41 mm), open completely but wider below the navel in two patients (2129 mm, mean 25 mm). Conclusions:The abovenavel patterns of recti muscle diastasis are the most common. Even when open completely, diastasis is usually wider above the navel. Knowledge of the anatomical type of rectus muscle diastasis could be of value to the patient (exercises to do and to avoid) and to the surgeon (abdominoplasty planning).

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Measurement methods to assess diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM): A systematic review of their measurement properties and meta-analytic reliability generalisation

Cited by 109 publications

References 37 publications

Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain

Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain

Pelvic floor muscle function, pelvic floor dysfunction and diastasis recti abdominis: Prospective cohort study

Diastasis of rectus abdominis muscles: patterns of anatomical variation as demonstrated by ultrasound

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