Measurement of Ankle Brachial Index with Oscillometric Method for Early Detection of Peripheral Artery Disease

Abstract

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a blood vessel disease caused by blockage or plaque accumulation around the artery walls. PAD is included in the category of diseases that are often diagnosed too late and affect more severe cases, such as the death of certain tissues or body parts. The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) is an accurate non-invasive method for diagnosing PAD, in practice, ABI is usually performed in certain hospitals and is still difficult to find due to limited tools. Therefore, a tool is made that can detect the condition of a person's PAD based on the ABI value. The tool is made using two MPX5050GP sensors to detect oscillometric pulses, a DC pump and solenoid valve as an actuator to pump and deflate the cuff, ADS1115 as an external ADC to increase the accuracy of sensor readings, as well as an LCD and buzzer as tool indicators. The output is displayed in the form of a print out from a thermal printer, with an emergency stop that functions as a safety system to power off the supply when a failure occurs in the measurement process. Oscillometric method is used to detect systolic and diastolic pressure. The accuracy of the tool is 95.5%. This accuracy result is obtained by comparing the readings of systolic and diastolic values using a sphygmomanometer which is commonly used.

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“…The ABI will be determined by measuring the systolic blood pressure in the arm and leg after a 10-minute rest in a supine position, with both arms and legs straight and relaxed [26]. Manual cuffs will be used for all blood pressure measurements, and the appropriate cuff size will be selected based on the arm circumference determined during screening.…”

IoT-Based Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease with Ankle Brachial Index Measurement for Right and Left Body Simultaneously

“…Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) measurements using the oscillometric method for early detection of PAD have been carried out (Dewi et al, 2022), but this study still used one side of the body. The PAD for early detection tool was created using the ABI calculation method.…”