Measurement of body fat in elderly subjects by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance, and anthropometry

Svendsen, Ole Lander; Haarbo, Jens; Heitmann, Bent L; Gotfredsen, Anders; Christiansen, Claus

doi:10.1093/ajcn/53.5.1117

Cited by 126 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that Deurenberg et al's model 17 is designed to calculate FFM, whereas Svendsen et al's model 20 calculates % FM. Calculations of TBW were therefore performed assuming a 73.2% hydration coef®cient.…”

Section: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ± Tbwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 ± 22 With reference to TBW in elderly subjects, only three such models have been published as full papers. 17,20,22 One model 17 has come under controversy and tends to underestimate TBW and FFM. 20,23 Another model 20 applies to a very limited age range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,20,22 One model 17 has come under controversy and tends to underestimate TBW and FFM. 20,23 Another model 20 applies to a very limited age range. Both models were established from impedance measured at 50 kHz and ECW was not estimated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements of total body water and extracellular water in healthy elderly subjects

et al. 1998

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OBJECTIVE: To address whether: (1) bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) can provide precise and accurate estimates of total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) in healthy elderly subjects, that display ageinduced changes in body composition, (2) BIA models are improved by introducing variables related to geometrical body-shape and osmolarity. DESIGN: Cross-validation of available BIA models and models developed in the study. SUBJECTS: 58 healthy elderly subjects (31 women, 27 men, 66.8 AE 4.7 y, mean AE s.d.) MEASUREMENTS: BIA at 5, 50 and 100 kHz, 18 O labelled water measurements of TBW, Br measurements of ECW, anthropometric variables, plasma osmolarity. RESULTS: Published BIA models for estimating TBW, entail various degrees of bias. Precise models (SEE of the models 0.8 L at 100 kHz, 1.0 L at 50 kHz) involving height 2 aresistance, weight, gender, circumferences and plasma osmolarity were established with data from 30 subjects chosen at random. Cross-validation of an independent group (n 28) showed no bias (71.5 AE 3.2 L at 100 kHz, 71.4 AE 3.2 L at 50 kHz, P NS). CONCLUSION: We conclude that BIA models with increased accuracy and precision for predicting ECW and TBW can be derived in healthy elderly subjects. Repeated measures had a mean difference of 0.2 AE 1.2 L.

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Section: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ± Tbwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements of total body water and extracellular water in healthy elderly subjects

et al. 1998

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“…However, prediction equations have proved to be population speci®c and an equation developed in one population can therefore result in inaccurate estimates when applied to another population. 2 This speci®city is mainly due to the fact that body impedance is, among others, dependent on body size, body shape and the intra-and extracellular water distribution. 3,4 Water distribution depends on gender and age in the healthy individual, but could also be affected by body weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of multi-frequency impedance to determine total body water and extracellular water in obese and lean female individuals

et al. 1997

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OBJECTIVE: To validate the assessment of total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance. SUBJECTS: Twenty-®ve overweight but otherwise healthy subjects and 20 lean subjects. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. MEASUREMENTS: TBW and ECW were determined by dilution techniques. Prediction equations from the literature were used to calculate TBW and ECW from measured impedance at 100 and 50 kHz or 1 and 5 kHz, respectively. In 18 of the obese subjects, impedance was also measured with the electrodes placed at proximal sites. RESULTS: In lean and obese subjects, signi®cant correlations were observed between the impedance index (H 2 /Z) at high frequencies with TBW (r 0.90, P`0.001 in lean and r 0.80, P`0.001 in obese subjects) and at low frequencies with ECW (r 0.87, P`0.001 and r 0.77, P`0.001 respectively). Proximal placement of electrodes slightly improved the correlation between the impedance index and TBW (from r 0.83 to r 0.90 at 50 kHz and from r 0.85 to r 0.90 at 100 kHz) and ECW (from r 0.77 to r 0.83 at 1 kHz and from r 0.79 to r 0.85 at 5 kHz). The association of ECW and TBW with H 2 /Z was different for obese and lean subjects: in obese subjects a given amount of TBW or ECW corresponded with a lower index. An equation consisting only of the impedance index could predict TBW and ECW with small mean errors in lean (1.3 and 0.8 kg respectively) and obese subjects (0.1 and 0.0 kg respectively). Applying a more speci®c equation, including other subject characteristics, resulted in larger prediction errors in obese subjects, illustrating the population speci®city of prediction equations. Furthermore an association was observed of the prediction bias of TBW and ECW with TBW (r 0.48, P`0.01) and ECW (r 0.70, P`0.001) respectively, and with body water distribution (r 7 0.38 and r 0.33 respectively, P`0.05). TBW and ECW were also associated with weight (r 0.76 and r 0.71 respectively, P`0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (r 0.54 and r 0.53 respectively, P`0.001). CONCLUSION: It appeared from this study that the accuracy of TBW and ECW estimation with the impedance technique is dependent on the absolute amount of TBW and ECW. A higher amount of TBW and ECW in obese subjects may contribute to a difference in prediction error between lean and obese individuals.

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“…9 Different indices of fat distribution have been proposed in the literature, some based on anthropometric measurements, and others on sophisticated methods, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance measurement. 15 In ®eld studies, anthropometric measurements are the most practicable and based on skinfold thickness and/or circumferences measured in various parts of the body. 16 During the last ten years, the ratio of waist to hip circumference (WHR) has been shown to be highly correlated with the occurrence of chronic disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status in adults in the pluri-ethnic population of New Caledonia

et al. 1997

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the nutritional status (body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR)) of the population of New Caledonia in relation to ethnicity and urban-rural environment. DESIGN: Diabetes screening survey in two rural provinces of New Caledonia and in the suburbs of Noumea. SUBJECTS: 8875 subjects aged 30±59 y, Europeans, Melanesians and Polynesians. MEASUREMENTS: BMI, WHR. RESULTS: Obesity (BMI ! 27 kg/m 2 in men, 25 kg/m 2 in women) was highly prevalent in all groups, but varied according to ethnicity: respectively, 43% and 52% in Europeans, 46% and 72% in Melanesians, 72% and 83% in Polynesians. In the urban area, mean WHR values, adjusted for age and BMI, were signi®cantly higher than in rural areas, especially in Melanesians. CONCLUSION: Both ethnicity and urban-rural environment are linked to the amount and distribution of adiposity, which appeared worsened in the urban area in Europeans, and even more in Melanesians.

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Measurement of body fat in elderly subjects by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance, and anthropometry

Cited by 126 publications

References 28 publications

Bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements of total body water and extracellular water in healthy elderly subjects

Bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements of total body water and extracellular water in healthy elderly subjects

The use of multi-frequency impedance to determine total body water and extracellular water in obese and lean female individuals

Nutritional status in adults in the pluri-ethnic population of New Caledonia

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