Measurement of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Other Growth Factors in Demineralized Bone Matrix

Blum, B.; Moseley, Jon; Miller, Leasa; Richelsoph, Kelly; Haggard, Warren O.

doi:10.3928/0147-7447-20040102-17

Cited by 97 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As an important aspect of a tissue engineered scaffold is to promote cellular attachment and cell recruitment,24, 33 increasing the attachment of hFOB is an encouraging step towards using the HAp‐PEI‐BMP‐2 for bone regeneration. Several studies have also shown that BMP‐2 attached to the scaffold surface have osteogenic effects at BMP‐2 levels closely resembling physiological levels 34–36. Karageorgiou et al17 covalently bonded BMP‐2 to silk fibroin at a concentration of ∼30 ng/cm 2 and showed an increase in ALP activity in vitro after 2 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

BMP‐2 tethered hydroxyapatite for bone tissue regeneration: Coating chemistry and osteoblast attachment

Shiels

Solomon

Pilia

et al. 2012

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) tether to bind human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) to hydroxyapatite (HAp) to enhance rhBMP‐2 loading, alter its release properties, and enhance cellular interaction with the material. By using a branched PEI that was derived to express free thiols, rhBMP‐2 was coated onto dense HAp surfaces at ∼43 ng/cm2. Using this novel attachment methodology, it was observed that the PEI‐SH coating did not change the morphology of the HAp surfaces and that the amount of rhBMP‐2 loaded was comparable to a direct adsorption method. In addition, it was also observed that the PEI and PEG tether significantly retained the rhBMP‐2 to the HAp surface, inhibiting the burst release effect. Using human fetal osteoblast cells, the PEI‐ and PEG‐tethered BMP‐2 was also observed to increase cellular attachment by 10‐fold when compared with uncoated HAp and adsorbed rhBMP‐2. It was concluded from this study that PEI and PEG tether significantly reduce the initial burst release effect of rhBMP‐2. It was also concluded that the rhBMP‐2 conjugation to PEI and PEG tether promoted an increase in cellular attachment to the HAp surface. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:3117–3123, 2012.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

BMP‐2 tethered hydroxyapatite for bone tissue regeneration: Coating chemistry and osteoblast attachment

Shiels

Solomon

Pilia

et al. 2012

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Aside from BMPs in DBM, there may be additional endogenous growth factor considerations. The quantity of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-in DBM may have co-regulatory affects on BMP [85]. It is noteworthy that IGF-I and TGF-remain relatively consistent during aging [86].…”

Section: Osteoinduction: Donor Gender and Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Demineralized bone matrix in bone repair: History and use

Gruskin¹,

Doll²,

Futrell³

et al. 2012

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

378

361

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“…Although BMP-2 was originally isolated as a putative inductive factor in DBP, these results show that rhBMP-2 and DBP do not affect all the Wnt components in the same ways. Because Guanidine HCl/ EDTA extracts of demineralized bone contain BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7/OP-1, TGF-b1, IGF-I, and other biologically active proteins, 21,22 we proposed that it was unlikely that a single component could duplicate all of the effects of DBP. 6,10 We reported previously that DBP and BMP-2 regulate common and distinct signaling pathways, that DBP stimulates both Smad pathways, the one responsive to TGF/Activin and the one responsive to BMP, 10 and that DBP evoked early changes in Wnt components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt pathway regulation by demineralized bone is approximated by both BMP‐2 and TGF‐β1 signaling

Zhou

Mizuno

Glowacki

2012

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Allogeneic demineralized bone is used extensively as a clinical graft material because it has osteo/chondroinductive and osteoconductive properties. Demineralized bone powder (DBP) induces chondrogenic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) in three-dimensional collagen cultures, but the initiating mechanisms have not been fully characterized nor has it been shown that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) recapitulate DBP's effects on target cells. Among the many signaling pathways regulated in hDFs by DBP prior to in vitro chondrogenesis, there are changes in Wnts and their receptors that may contribute to DBP actions. This study tests the hypothesis that DBP modulation of Wnt signaling entails both BMP and TGF-b pathways. We compared the effects of DBP, TGF-b1, or BMP-2 on Wnt signaling components in hDFs by Wnt signaling macroarray, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and Western immunoblot analyses. Many effects of DBP on Wnt signaling components were not shared by BMP-2, and likewise DBP effects on Wnt genes and b-catenin only partially required the TGF-b pathway, as shown by selective inhibition of TGF-b/activin receptor-like kinase. The analyses revealed that 64% (16/25) of the Wnt signaling components regulated by DBP were regulated similarly by the sum of effects by BMP-2 and by TGF-b1. In conclusion, signaling mechanisms of inductive DBP in human dermal fibroblasts involve the modulation of multiple Wnt signals through both BMP and TGF-b pathways. ß

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Measurement of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Other Growth Factors in Demineralized Bone Matrix

Cited by 97 publications

References 17 publications

BMP‐2 tethered hydroxyapatite for bone tissue regeneration: Coating chemistry and osteoblast attachment

BMP‐2 tethered hydroxyapatite for bone tissue regeneration: Coating chemistry and osteoblast attachment

Demineralized bone matrix in bone repair: History and use

Wnt pathway regulation by demineralized bone is approximated by both BMP‐2 and TGF‐β1 signaling

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