Measurement of contact angle and work of adhesion at high temperature

Eustathopoulos, N.; Sobczak, N.; Passerone, A.; Nogi, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1007/s10853-005-1945-4

Cited by 176 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Equations (1a,b) give the "Young contact angle" θY or intrinsic contact angle of a liquid on a perfectly smooth and chemically homogeneous solid surface. In most applications, chemical heterogeneities (such as, oxide inclusions on a metallic surface) and the roughness of real solid surfaces lead to deviations in the observed contact angles from θy that can attain several degrees and in some cases tens of degrees [1].…”

Section: Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, even limited stress produced during cooling leads to detachment of the solidified metal from the substrate by a purely adhesive rupture. Finally, when the goal of an experiment is to attain θY, solid surfaces with an average roughness less than 100 nm must be used [1]. The results given in Table 1 have been obtained with this type of substrate.…”

Section: Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This quantity characterises the thermodynamic stability of interfaces between dissimilar materials and is widely used in practice for predicting their potential bonding properties. During the last decades, significant improvements have been made in the measurement of contact angles of high temperature systems [1]. In this period, wetting studies have benefited from high resolution techniques for characterising the topological and chemical features of surfaces at nanometric scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wetting by Liquid Metals—Application in Materials Processing: The Contribution of the Grenoble Group

Eustathopoulos

2015

Metals

133

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Abstract:The wettability of ceramics by liquid metals is discussed from both the fundamental point of view and the point of view of applications. The role of interfacial reactions (simple dissolution of the solid in the liquid or formation of a layer of a new compound) is illustrated and analysed. Several results are presented in order to illustrate the role of wettability in materials processing, namely infiltration processing, joining dissimilar materials by brazing and selecting crucibles for crystallising liquid metals and semiconductors. The review includes results obtained during the last 15 years mainly, but not only, by the Grenoble group.

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Section: Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wetting by Liquid Metals—Application in Materials Processing: The Contribution of the Grenoble Group

Eustathopoulos

2015

Metals

133

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“…2) [11][12][13]. At elevated temperature, the sessile drop experiment is delicate: challenges that come with high temperatures and the need for tight atmospheric control lead to frequent discrepancies in reported θ values for metal/ceramic systems [12,14]. With infiltration, furthermore, there is a second difficulty with the technique: a single equilibrium contact angle value is insufficient to fully characterize wetting of a preform by flowing metal, for two reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillarity in pressure infiltration: improvements in characterization of high-temperature systems

et al. 2012

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In the pressure infiltration of metal-matrix composites, molten metal is injected under external pressure into a porous preform of the reinforcing material. Equilibrium capillary parameters characterizing wetting for this process are summarized in plots of metal saturation versus applied pressure, also known as drainage curves. Such curves can be measured in our laboratory during a single experiment with an infiltration apparatus designed to track the rate of metal penetration into porous preforms under conditions characteristic of metal matrix composite processing (temperatures in excess of 1000 °C and pressures in the order of 10 MPa). For such measurements to be valid, infiltration of the preform with molten metal must be mechanically quasi-static, i.e., the metal must flow at a rate sufficiently low for the metal pressure to be essentially uniform across the preform at all times. We examine this requirement quantitatively, using a finite-difference model that simulates the unsaturated unidirectional ingress of molten metal into a ceramic particle preform of finite width. We furthermore present improvements in the experimental apparatus developed in our laboratory to measure the entire drainage curve in a single experiment. We confront numerical results with new experimental data for the copper/alumina system, to show (i) that pressurization rates sufficiently low for quasistatic infiltration can be produced with this apparatus, and (ii) that taking the relative permeability equal to the saturation yields better agreement with experiment than does the expression originally proposed by Brooks and Corey.

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“…Wetting experiments of alumina by nickel-aluminium alloys and nickel-aluminium-platinum alloys with the sessile drop method [11] are used. Although usual oxidation temperatures (1100-1200 o C) are much lower than those at which the experiments are conducted (1650°C), this method was chosen because liquid wetting experiments are the only probe we have to experimentally measure basic interfacial thermodynamic quantities such as the work of adhesion [12]. Furthermore, characterization of the interface structure, i.e., grain boundary grooves, after the wetting experiments offers insights into the interface energies and its mass transport properties [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wetting behavior of NiAl and NiPtAl on polycrystalline alumina

et al. 2007

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In order to understand the beneficial effect of Pt on the adherence of thermally grown alumina scales, sessile drop experiments were performed to study the wetting of poly-crystalline alumina by nickel-aluminum alloys with or without platinum addition where the amount of Pt ranged from 2.4 to 10 at.%. Subsequent interfacial structure was evaluated using atomic force microscopy. Platinum addition enhances the wettability of NiAl alloys on alumina, reduces the oxide/alloy interface energy and increases the interfacial mass transport rates.

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Measurement of contact angle and work of adhesion at high temperature

Cited by 176 publications

References 30 publications

Wetting by Liquid Metals—Application in Materials Processing: The Contribution of the Grenoble Group

Wetting by Liquid Metals—Application in Materials Processing: The Contribution of the Grenoble Group

Capillarity in pressure infiltration: improvements in characterization of high-temperature systems

The wetting behavior of NiAl and NiPtAl on polycrystalline alumina

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