Measurement of fast-neutron activation cross sections for copper, europium, hafnium, iron, nickel, silver, terbium and titanium at 10.0 and 14.7 MeV and for the Be(d,n) thick-target spectrum

Cross sections for (n, 2n), (n, p), (n, a) and (n, n′) reactions on hafnium isotopes around the neutron energy of 14 MeV

“…The value of Patrick et al [3] is significantly lower than the other experimental and theoretical values. The value of Meadows et al [8] at 14.7 MeV neutron energy is in agreement, within experimental error, with that of our two experimental excitation curves at the same energy. Whereas the value of Weixiang Yu et al [20] at 14.77 MeV neutron energy is in agreement, within experimental error, with that of the fitting line of our experimental values marked with the superscript d at the same energy.…”

“…The cross-section values of Kiraly et al [6] at the neutron energies 14.3 and 14.7 MeV and the cross-section values of Hanlin Lu et al [7] at the neutron energies 14.2 and 14.7 MeV, within experimental error, are consistent with those of the fitting line of our experimental results at the corresponding energies. The cross-section values of Hillman and Shikata [4], Meadows et al [8], Qaim [9], Lakshmana Das et al [10] and Dilg et al [11], within experimental error, are also consistent with those of the fitting line of our experimental results at the corresponding energies. Whereas the cross-section value of Patrick et al [3] is significantly lower than that of the three evaluation excitation curves and the theoretical excitation curve at the corresponding energy.…”

“…The accurate and reliable experimental cross-section data on hafnium isotopes around the neutron energy of 14 MeV are of great importance for verifying the accuracy of nuclear models used in the calculation of cross sections and for practical applications, such as for integral calculations on the first wall, blanket and shield of a conceptual fusion power reaction, and other related nuclear engineering calculations. However, until now, only a few laboratories (two to five) reported the experimental cross-section data on hafnium isotopes around the neutron energy of 14 MeV and most of them are at single neutron energy and there was disagreement in those data, which can be found in experimental nuclear reaction data (EXFOR) [1], except for the 176 Hf(n, 2n) 175 Hf reaction whose cross-section data have been reported by as many as ten laboratories [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. For example, for the 174 Hf(n, 2n) 173 Hf reaction, we found just five laboratories [2-4, 12, 13] reported the experimental cross-section data induced by neutrons from the D-T reaction and all of them have only one cross-section value at single neutron energy; for the 178 Hf(n, α) 175m+g Yb reaction, we found just four laboratories [2,[14][15][16] reported the experimental cross-section data induced by neutrons from the D-T reaction and three of them have only one cross-section datum at single neutron energy; for the 178 Hf(n, p) 178g Lu reaction, we found just two laboratories [17,18] reported the experimental cross-section data induced by neutrons from the D-T reaction and both of them have only one cross-section datum at single neutron energy; for the 178 Hf(n, p) 178m Lu reaction, we found just three laboratories [17][18][19] reported the experimental cross-section data induced by neutrons from the D-T reaction and two of them have only one cross-section datum at single neutron energy; for the 180 Hf(n, 2n) 179m2 Hf reaction, we found just four laboratories [3,8,14,20] reported the experimental cross-section data induced by neutrons from the D-T reaction and three of them have only one cross-section datum at single ...…”

Study of the (n,2n) reaction cross section on 174,176Hf isotopes

“…Thus, our data are higher than the data of ref. [18,19] for the 176 Hf(n,2n) alone. The theoretical calculations of the 176 Hf(n,2n) 175 Hf reaction were deduced using the same set of input parameters as in the case of 174 Hf(n,2n) 173 Hf reaction.…”

“…In Fig. 3 the data of the present work, data from literature [7,8,10,[18][19][20][21][22] along with theoretical calculations are presented. The data of present work are contaminated by the parasitic neutrons reacting with 174 Hf through the (n,γ) reaction.…”