Measurement of fetal forelimb movements in the lamb in utero

Natale, Renato; Clewlow, Frank; Dawes, G. S.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(81)90231-3

Cited by 115 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, there is no effect on breathing if the Pa 02 is raised by 4-5 mmHg suggesting that this is not the reason for the changing pattern of breathing. Natale, Clewlow & Dawes (1981) showed that activity of the fetal forelimb was greater during high voltage and the transitional phase of electrocortical activity. This is similar to the increase in activity of the nuchal muscles during-high voltage electrocortical activity, suggesting that nuchal muscle activity is a useful indicator of fetal postural activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in breathing, electrocortical and muscle activity in unanaesthetized fetal lambs with age.

Clewlow¹,

Dawes²,

Johnston³

et al. 1983

The Journal of Physiology

131

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SUMMARY1. Electrocortical and electro-ocular activity, breathing movements and nuchal muscle activity were recorded continuously in the unanaesthetized lamb in Utero (95-135 days).2. Electrocortical activity was recorded simultaneously from various sites. The bi-parietal electrocorticogram gave the clearest differentiation between high-and low-voltage activity.3. The onset of cortical differentiation from 110 days gestation was attributed to the superimposition of high-voltage electrocortical activity at 3-10 Hz on existing low-voltage activity.4. Three distinct patterns in the relationships between electrocortical activity, ocular activity breathing movements and nuchal muscle activity were observed at 95-106, 107-114 and 120-135 days.5. Isocapnic hypoxia caused a diminution in fetal breathing from 95-135 days gestation, quantitatively greater near term. After cortical differentiation, hypoxia caused the appearance of high-voltage activity within 4 min, if low-voltage electrocortical activity was present initially. 6. The relationship, changing with age, between electrocortical activity, breathing movements, ocular and nuchal muscle activity is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in breathing, electrocortical and muscle activity in unanaesthetized fetal lambs with age.

Clewlow¹,

Dawes²,

Johnston³

et al. 1983

The Journal of Physiology

131

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“…We hypothesize that the changes in ECoG pattern such as an increase of HV, decrease in LV, and indistinct ECoG cyclicity, are caused by environmental change of one or more of the above neuroactive hormones. Analysing ECoG visually, Natale et al (1981) reported that ECoG HV and LV persisted throughout labour and were accompanied by a reduction in fetal movements. Ruckenbusch et al (1977) also reported an increase in duration of HV and decrease of LV during labour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocortical activity in fetal sheep in the last seven days of gestation

Shinozuka

Nathanielsz

1998

The Journal of Physiology

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Electrocorticogram (ECoG) and myometrial electromyogram (EMG) were recorded continuously in chronically instrumented late gestation sheep fetuses (n= 9) to analyse: (1) 24 h ECoG patterns, (2) relationships between ECoG and myometrial contractility, and (3) 24 h ECoG patterns at the spontaneous onset of labour. Spontaneous onset of labour was determined from the myometrial EMG. ECoG signals were purified by a denoising procedure of wavelet decomposition. High‐voltage slow ECoG activity (HV) and low‐voltage fast ECoG activity (LV) were determined mathematically, and HV‐LV cycle periodicity was calculated by periodogram analysis. Twenty‐four hour rhythms were present in fetal ECoG HV‐LV cycles in the 3–5 days prior to spontaneous onset of labour (P < 0.01). Cycle frequency was lower at 08.00–12.00 h and higher at 16.00–20.00 h (lights on at 07.00 h, lights off at 21.00 h). LV duration was longer at 20.00–24.00 h, and HV was shorter at 16.00–20.00 h. No relationship was found between ECoG cycles and myometrial contracture cycles. Twenty‐four hour ECoG rhythms disappeared 1 day before the spontaneous onset of labour. ECoG patterns changed 7 to 4 h prior to spontaneous onset of labour, percentage of time spent and duration of HV ECoG increased, and percentage of time spent in LV decreased significantly. ECoG HV‐LV cyclicity was reduced 4–5 h prior to spontaneous onset of labour, indicating that the altered fetal hormonal and blood gas environment around the spontaneous onset of labour alter fetal neural function.

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“…uterine contractions have been shown to decrease fetal movement [40]. However, it may be unlikely because at the end of pregnancy the numbers of both myometrial and perivascular adrenergic nerves are decreased in humans [41,42].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal response to induced maternal emotions

Araki

Nishitani

Ushimaru³

et al. 2010

J Physiol Sci

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This study investigated the relationship between fetal movements and acute maternal emotional changes during pregnancy. Two empirically validated feature film clips were used for the external generation of two subjectively and facially well-characterized target emotions: happiness and sadness. We simultaneously monitored separate fetal arm, leg and trunk movements by means 2 of two ultrasound apparatuses while maternal emotions were manipulated by film clip presentation. The number of fetal arm movements, but not the duration, was increased when pregnant women were being shown a happy film. Both the number and the duration of fetal arm movements decreased with the sad film presentation. Neither the presentation of happiness nor the presentation of sadness affected fetal leg or trunk movements. These findings suggest that induced emotions in pregnant women primarily affect arm movements of their fetuses, and that positive and negative emotions have the opposite effects on fetus movement.

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Measurement of fetal forelimb movements in the lamb in utero

Cited by 115 publications

References 14 publications

Changes in breathing, electrocortical and muscle activity in unanaesthetized fetal lambs with age.

Changes in breathing, electrocortical and muscle activity in unanaesthetized fetal lambs with age.

Electrocortical activity in fetal sheep in the last seven days of gestation

Fetal response to induced maternal emotions

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