Measurement of Guided Mode Cut Off Wavelengths in Ti:LiNbO3 Channel Waveguides

Review of the basic methods for characterizing integrated-optic waveguides

“…We discuss this by considering the case of a buried gaussian profile as an example, for which f(x) = e -( X -g ) * / d 2 and the two parameters of f(x) are g and d. , p ) can be obtained from the numerical solution of the modal eigenvalue equations at cutoff for the TE, modes. The next step of the characterization procedure is to measure experimentally the cutoff wavelengths A,,, hcl, and A,, as mentioned before [29] and form the ratios R,, and Ro2. The presence of an additional parameter in f(x) necessitates the measurement of a cutoff wavelength of an additional mode.…”

Cut-off wavelength measurements of Ti:LiNbO3channel waveguides

“…The cut-off wavelength for the fundamental mode (Acoo) is defined to be the point at which the transmission spectrum drops by 3 dB after having attained its last maximum (point B). The cut-off wavelength for the first-order mode (kO1) is defined as the point at which the normalized transmission spectrum starts to rise again (point A, in accordance with [7,81).…”

“…For measurements of cut-off wavelengths of optical fibres, two standard reference test methods based on spectral light transmission techniques are recommended by international standard organizations such as the CCITT. These are the single-bend and power-step techniques [4-61. The latter is also well suited to measurements of cut-off wavelengths of channel waveguides [7,8]. We used an improvement of this technique, which allows better mode excitation and extended the cut-off wavelength measurements to bent waveguides and polarizers.…”

“…These are the single-bend and power-step techniques [4-61. The latter is also well suited to measurements of cut-off wavelengths of channel waveguides [7,8]. We used an improvement of this technique, which allows better mode excitation and extended the cut-off wavelength measurements to bent waveguides and polarizers.…”

Measurement of mode cut-off wavelength for single mode channel waveguide in LiNbO3

“…Measurement of mode cut-off wavelength is reported for Ti:LiNbO3 using spectral transmission technique in [4]. The improvement to this technique allowed better mode excitation as discussed in [5].…”