Measurement of Heat Transfer for Thermoforming Simulations

Choo, Hui Leng; Martin, Peter; Harkin‐Jones, Eileen

doi:10.1007/s12289-008-0233-7

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, it has been found that these properties are highly temperature-dependent and large changes are observed when the temperature of the plug is varied [1]. As a result of separate experimental programmes, the development of measurement techniques specifically for plug/sheet friction [4] and heat transfer [4,6] has been reported. A substantial body of work has also been presented on the deformation response of the sheet materials under thermoforming conditions [7].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoforming process simulation for the manufacture of deep-draw plastic food packaging

McCool

Martin

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

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The development of an effective and representative finite element-based simulation of the deep-draw plug-assisted thermoforming process is presented. It has been clearly demonstrated that the frictional and thermal effects of plug contact are of critical importance and appropriate relationships for these have been developed and included in the simulation. A constitutive material model based on the van der Waals strain energy function has been used to represent the deformation response of the high-impact polystyrene polymer sheet and the model parameters have been closely fitted to biaxial test data. The prototype simulation is stable and its output is generally in good agreement with experimental measurements. It is recognized that model accuracy could be improved further through additional experimental investigation of the process. The working simulation provides a powerful platform for in-depth analysis of the thermoforming process.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 and both conduction and convection were modelled in Abaqus Õ . To model conduction effects between contacting surfaces such as the plug and sheet, a gap conductance coefficient (k) was required according to equation (6).…”

Section: Measurement and Implementation Of Heat Transfer Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoforming process simulation for the manufacture of deep-draw plastic food packaging

McCool

Martin

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

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“…Plug-prestretching increases maintenance and machinery cost, and poses difficulties in plug design, as the deformation behavior may strongly depend on temperature-dependent plug contact friction and plug heat transfer. [11][12][13][14][15] Thermoforming with a temperature profile that leads to a favorable deformation behavior and which is imposed on the raw material during heating as investigated by Wang and Cha [16,17] and Takaffoli et al, [3] requires an appropriate heating device and may increase cycle time. A remedy to the shortcomings of this approach is the imposition of the favorable temperature profile during deformation using a nozzle system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid–structure‐interaction simulations of forming‐air impact thermoforming

Wagner

Sheikhi

Kayatz

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The authors present a thermally and dynamically coupled fluid–structure‐interaction (FSI) model of a thermoforming process variant along with simulation results. By purposeful arrangement of the inlet nozzles, the process variant under consideration seeks to improve the deformation behavior of a plastic sheet made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ultimately leading to a more uniform wall thickness distribution. In order to capture the complex interaction between deforming sheet and turbulent flow field in the pressure box, the numerical model must realistically reproduce both fluid and solid domain and accurately handle coupling between the simulation participants. Detailed information is provided on modeling aspects of the solid and in particular of the fluid domain. Wall thickness distributions obtained from experiments for two test cases are compared to results generated using varying parametrizations of the simulation model. The results in general are in line with experimental measurements, although some peculiarities in the measured data could not be reproduced. Despite its limitations concerning accuracy and the computational cost, the holistic simulation approach using FSI appears to be a helpful tool for investigating thermoforming due to the detailed resolution of the inflation process in time and space.

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“…They have compared the efficiency of the short-wave infrared heater with medium range and long-wave emitter heater. It was observed from the experimental observations that the short-wave emitter has the highest efficiency for heating a thermoforming of PS sheet Heat transfer during the deformation of polymer sheet into the final product was addressed by the researchers, Choo et al [10] investigated the amount of heat transfer between forming setup (die, clamping arrangement and punch) and the sheet. The experimental setup was built to determining the thermal contact conductance between mating surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis of The Heating Stage of the Thermoforming Process

Mishra

2019

IJRTE

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Thermoforming is one of the most utilized polymer processing technique, where heated sheet polymer sheets are transformed into useful products. These sheets are usually deformed at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer sheet. The physical and mechanical properties of the sheet change significantly at this temperature. Therefore, forming temperature is the key parameter governing the process output, and by monitoring it, process parameter can be decided for higher quality output and minimum rejections. Temperature monitoring usually carried out using sensors and thermal imaging system, which demands open access of the surfaces to be monitor. In the case of closed forming setups use temperature, monitoring devices are favorable. In order to cope with the mentioned scenario present study proposed to use finite element analysis for temperature monitoring. The objective of the present study is to investigate the heating stage of the thermoforming process for Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) sheet just prior to deformation carried out in close forming setup. Numerical studies were performed to study the temperature distribution across the sheet during its heating. In order to validate the proposed numerical model, experimental investigations were carried out, and good agreement was found between simulated and experimental result. The results obtained from the present study could be useful to determine the required process parameters such as deformation pressure. Moreover, the heating stage could be optimized to reduce energy consumption and cycle time.

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Measurement of Heat Transfer for Thermoforming Simulations

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Thermoforming process simulation for the manufacture of deep-draw plastic food packaging

Thermoforming process simulation for the manufacture of deep-draw plastic food packaging

Fluid–structure‐interaction simulations of forming‐air impact thermoforming

Thermal Analysis of The Heating Stage of the Thermoforming Process

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