Measurement of hemicellulase activities: Part I Xylanases

Ghose, T. K.; Bisaria, Virendra S.

doi:10.1351/pac198759121739

Cited by 192 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…The reaction mixtures were incubated at 50 °C for 1 h and for 30 min for the FPase and CMCase activity assays, respectively. Xylanase activity was measured according to Ghose [19]. The assay was carried out in the total reaction mixture of 1.5 mL containing 0.5 mL of suitably diluted enzyme and 1.0 mL of 1 % (w/v) xylan solution in phosphate buffer (0.05 M, pH 6.5).…”

Section: Enzyme Production and Enzymatic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

2013

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It was desired to study efficient and simplified methods to convert organosolv-pretreated horticultural waste (HW) to ethanol fuel using cellulase produced under solid-state fermentation (SSF). The unprocessed cellulase crude (72.2 %) showed better reducing sugar yield using filter paper than the commercial enzyme blend (68.7 %). Enzymatic hydrolysis of organosolv-pretreated HW using the crude cellulase with 20 % solid content, enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g HW at 50 °C, and pH 5.5 resulted in a HW hydrolysate containing 25.06 g/L glucose after 72 h. Fermentation of the hydrolysate medium produced 12.39 g/L ethanol with 0.49 g/g yield from glucose and 0.062 g/g yield from HW at 8 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study proved that crude cellulase complex produced under SSF and organosolv pretreatment can efficiently convert woody biomass to ethanol without any commercial cellulase usage.

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Section: Enzyme Production and Enzymatic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

2013

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“…Pectinex Ultra SPL (P2611) (pectinase) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Inc. Representative cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase activities of each enzyme product (Cellic CTec2, Cellic HTec2 and Pectinex Ultra SPL) were determined using a method described by Ghose and Bisaria [26] [27]. The corresponding activity units were reported as a filter paper unit (FPU), a xylanase unit (XU) and a polygalacturonase unit (PGU), respectively.…”

Section: Enzyme Activity Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The xylanase activities for Cellic HTec that can be found in previous studies range from 1090 to 10,596 XU ml −1 [40] [41] [42]. Such a range might be attributable to the sensitivity of the activity measurement (due to the lack of linearity between enzyme concentration and product liberation) and the accuracy of the measurement since the measurement of xylanase activity is complex [26].…”

Section: Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Surface Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugar Beet Leaves into Fermentable Sugars for Bioethanol Production

Aramrueang¹,

Zicari²,

Zhang³

2017

ABB

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Sugar beet leaves are the major crop waste from sugar beet production, while the unused leaves contain a high number of sugars and polysaccharides. The effects of different enzyme products (cellulase, Cellic CTec2; xylanase, Cellic HTec2; and pectinase, Pectinex Ultra SPL) were determined during high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves at 10% total solids (TS) content. Response surface methodology was used to study the effects of enzyme loadings during the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves for producing fermentable sugars. It was found that both cellulases and pectinases are important enzymes for the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves. Enzyme loading and reaction time were important factors. Based on the amount of sugars released, a maximum sugar conversion of 82% was achieved after 72 h of hydrolysis using 30 filter paper unit (FPU) g −1 glucan for cellulase and 150 polygalacturonase unit (PGU) g −1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase, or 37 FPU g −1 glucan for cellulase and 100 PGU g −1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase. The corresponding sugar yield and sugar concentration were 0.35 g•g −1 TS, and 35 g•l −1 , respectively. Sugar conversion ranged from 59% -70%, 68% -80%, and 74% -82% after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of hydrolysis depending on the design conditions.

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“…Cellulase and xylanase activities were assayed based on the method described by Ghose [11] and Ghose & Bisaria [12], respectively. The activities were measured based on the concentration of reducing sugar released.…”

Section: Reducing Sugars and Enzymatic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEED CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR HIGH YIELD OF CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCTION FROM Pycnoporus sanguineus

Jalil

Kalil²,

Rahman³

et al. 2017

MJAS

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Low yields and productivity in fermentation industry usually due to poor quality of seed culture (inoculum). As the first stage in the fermentation process, inoculum consistency in terms of size and quality is clearly important for high yield of enzymes production. Selection of microorganism also plays an important role in improving the productivity. Fungi type of white rot basidiomycetes species is a well-known cellulolytic enzymes producer and capable to degrade many types of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulolytic enzymes produced from white rot fungi, Pycnoporus sanguineus (PS) were investigated. The PS cultured on different agar media and parameter conditions of seed culture preparation in liquid medium broth were compared. Seed culture conditions of PS were influenced by many factors such as type of medium used for fungal growth, temperature, incubation time in liquid medium and subculture time on agar medium. PS was full-grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) on day 5 compared to malt extract agar (MEA) on day 7. Seed culture conditions was determined using standard liquid medium, potato dextrose broth (PDB) at constant temperature (30 °C ), agitation speed (150 rpm) and pH (4.8) for duration of seven days using two different subculture of PS that were grown for five and seven days. It was found that the five days' subculture of PS shown 3.93% higher cell dry weight of fungal biomass (3.44 g/L on day 5) and higher cellulolytic enzymes activity; 95.49% (FPase), 3.14% (CMCase), 7.71% (exoglucanases) and 14.93% (xylanases). Maximum cellulolytic enzymes were found after 48 hours' incubation with filter paper activity (FPase) of 1.79 U/mL, carboxymethyl cellulase activity (CMCase) of 3.36 U/mL, exoglucanase activity (Avicelase) of 0.59 U/mL and xylanase enzymes activity of 0.66 U/mL. Reducing sugars concentration decreased from day 1 to 7 due to consumption of sugars for fungal growth. Seed culture conditions were strongly influenced by subculture and incubation time in liquid medium to produce high yield of cellulolytic enzymes from PS.Keywords: white rot fungi, Pycnoporus sanguineus, seed culture, cellulolytic enzymes, fermentation Abstrak Hasil dan produktiviti yang rendah dalam industri fermentasi biasanya disebabkan oleh kultur benih (inokulum) yang kurang berkualiti. Pada peringkat pertama proses fermentasi, konsistensi inokulum dari segi saiz dan kualiti sangat penting bagi pengeluaran enzim yang tinggi. Pemilihan mikroorganisma juga memainkan peranan penting dalam meningkatkan produktiviti. Jenis kulat pereput putih dari spesies basidiomycetes sangat terkenal sebagai pengeluar enzim selulolitik dan ia mampu untuk mengurai pelbagai jenis bahan lignoselulosa. Dalam kajian ini, enzim selulolitik dihasilkan daripada kulat pereput putih, Pycnoporus sanguineus (PS) yang dihidupkan di atas agar dan perbandingan parameter berbeza penyediaan kultur benih dalam medium cecair dikaji. Kultur benih PS dipengaruhi oleh pelbagai faktor seperti jenis medium yang digunakan untuk pertumbuhan kulat, suhu, masa pengera...

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Measurement of hemicellulase activities: Part I Xylanases

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 192 publications

References 1 publication

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

Response Surface Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugar Beet Leaves into Fermentable Sugars for Bioethanol Production

SEED CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR HIGH YIELD OF CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCTION FROM Pycnoporus sanguineus

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