Measurement of ionization and phonon production by nuclear recoils in a 60 g crystal of germanium at 25 mK

Shutt, T.; Ellman, Brett; Barnes, P. D.; Cummings, A.; A, Da Silva; Emes, J.; Giraud‐Héraud, Y.; Ee, Haller; Ae, Lange; Rr, Ross; Rich, J.; Sadoulet, B.; Smith, G.; Stockwell, W.; Stubbs, C. W.; Wang, N; White, S.; Ba, Young; Yvon, D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.69.3425

Cited by 118 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…CDMS detectors measure phonon and electron-hole pair production to determine recoil energy and ionization yield for each event. The data discussed here were obtained with two types of detectors, Berkeley Large Ionization-and Phonon-mediated (BLIP) and Z-sensitive Ionization-and Phonon-mediated (ZIP) detectors [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. For both types, the drift field for the ionization measurement is supplied by radially segmented electrodes on the faces of the disk-shaped crystals [19].…”

Section: (Received 28 February 2000; Revised Manuscript Received 12 Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exclusion Limits on the WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Abusaidi¹,

Akerib²,

Barnes³

et al. 2000

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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217

172

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The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) employs Ge and Si detectors to search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) via their elastic-scattering interactions with nuclei while discriminating against interactions of background particles. CDMS data, accounting for the neutron background, give limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross section that exclude unexplored parameter space above 10 GeV͞c 2 WIMP mass and, at .75% C.L., the entire 3s allowed region for the WIMP signal reported by the DAMA experiment. Extensive evidence indicates that a large fraction of the matter in the universe is nonluminous, nonbaryonic, and "cold"-nonrelativistic at the time matter began to dominate the energy density of the universe [1][2][3]. Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are an excellent candidate for nonbaryonic, cold dark matter [2,4]. Minimal supersymmetry provides a natural WIMP candidate in the form of the lightest superpartner, with a typical mass M ϳ 100 GeV͞c 2 [5][6][7][8]. WIMPs are expected to have collapsed into a roughly isothermal, spherical halo within which the visible portion of our galaxy resides. WIMPs scatter off nuclei via the weak interaction, potentially allowing their direct detection [9,10]. The expected spectrum of recoil energies (energy given to the recoiling nucleus during the interaction) is exponential with a characteristic energy of a few to tens of keV [11]. The expected event rate is model dependent, but is generically 1 kg 21 d 21 or lower [10].This Letter reports new exclusion limits on the spinindependent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross section by the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS). The rate of rare WIMP-nucleon interactions is constrained by extended exposure of detectors that discriminate WIMPinduced nuclear recoils from electron recoils caused by interactions of background particles [12,13].The ionization yield Y (the ratio of ionization production to recoil energy in a semiconductor) of a particle interaction differs greatly for nuclear and electron recoils. CDMS detectors measure phonon and electron-hole pair production to determine recoil energy and ionization yield for each event. The data discussed here were obtained with two types of detectors, Berkeley Large Ionization-and Phonon-mediated (BLIP) and Z-sensitive Ionization-and Phonon-mediated (ZIP) detectors [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. For both types, the drift field for the ionization measurement is supplied by radially segmented electrodes on the faces of the disk-shaped crystals [19]. In BLIP detectors, phonon production is determined from the detector's calorimetric temperature change. In ZIP detectors, athermal phonons are collected to determine phonon production and xy position. Detector performance is discussed in detail elsewhere [14,[16][17][18][19][20].Photons cause most bulk electron recoils, while lowenergy electrons incident on the detector surfaces cause low-Y electron recoils in a thin surface layer ("surface events"). Neutron, photon, and electron sources ar...

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Section: (Received 28 February 2000; Revised Manuscript Received 12 Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of rare WIMP-nucleon interactions is constrained by extended exposure of detectors that discriminate WIMPinduced nuclear recoils from electron recoils caused by interactions of background particles [12,13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion Limits on the WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Abusaidi¹,

Akerib²,

Barnes³

et al. 2000

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Self Cite

217

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Utilizing thermal neutrons requires the full absorption of out-going gamma rays measured by another detector in coincidence. Without this additional measurement, Compton scattering from out-going gamma rays within [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization efficiency study for low energy nuclear recoils in germanium

Barker

Wei

Mei

et al. 2013

Astroparticle Physics

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We used the internal conversion (E 0 transition) of germanium-72 to indirectly measure the low energy nuclear recoils of germanium. Together with a reliable Monte Carlo package, in which we implement the internal conversion process, the data was compared to the Lindhard (k=0.159) and Barker-Mei models. A shape analysis indicates that both models agree well with data in the region of interest within 4%. The most probable value (MPV) of the nuclear recoils obtained from the shape analysis is 17.5 ± 0.12 (sys) ± 0.035 (stat) keV with an average path-length of 0.014 µm.

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“…neutrons and putative dark matter particles). Until now this has been achieved mainly through a simultaneous measurement of charge in semiconducting calorimeters [1,2,3]. Another technique is a simultaneous measurement of scintillation, with a principal calorimeter made out of a scintillating material which emits photons read in a secondary calorimeter [4,5] (or some other light sensitive device [6]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textured silicon calorimetric light detector

Stefano

Frank

Angloher

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physics

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We apply the standard photovoltaic technique of texturing to reduce the reflectivity of silicon cryogenic calorimetric light detectors. In the case of photons with random incidence angles, absorption is compatible with the increase in surface area. For the geometrically thin detectors studied, energy resolution from athermal phonons, dominated by position dependence, is proportional to the surface-to-volume ratio. With the CaWO 4 scintillating crystal used as light source, the time constants of the calorimeter should be adapted to the relatively slow light-emission times. PACS numbers: 29.40, 84.60.Jt, 85.25.Oj, 95.55.Vj, 95.35.+d *

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Measurement of ionization and phonon production by nuclear recoils in a 60 g crystal of germanium at 25 mK

Cited by 118 publications

References 10 publications

Exclusion Limits on the WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Exclusion Limits on the WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Ionization efficiency study for low energy nuclear recoils in germanium

Textured silicon calorimetric light detector

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