Measurement of Knowledge and Practice of Saudi Population Towards Hernias and Its Risk Factors

Alsaigh, Sultan; Alotaibi, Shatha; Aljasser, Renad; AlMarei, Shahd; Alahmadi, Shahad; Madkhali, Abdullah; Balubaid, Ibtihal; Hakami, Abdulrahman

doi:10.7759/cureus.33264

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The RDW provides information on erythrocyte anisocytosis, and its elevation suggests an impaired synthesis of erythrocytes, which may be observed in haemoglobinopathies and some nutritional deficiencies (like iron-, cobalamin-, or folate deficiency), increased haemolysis, or following haemotransfusion [28]. Also, the variation in the size of erythrocytes could be due to pro-inflammatory cytokines that impede the maturation of erythrocytes by erythropoietin [8,20]. The suggested anisocytosis, therefore, may have resulted from the inflammation-mediated discharge of the immature erythrocytes into circulation [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, although the exact prevalence of abdominal wall hernias remains elusive [5], inguinal hernia alone affects more than 220 million individuals worldwide and causes the death of more than 40,000 people due to hernia-associated sequelae [7]. This makes inguinal hernia the most frequently reported condition requiring surgical intervention worldwide [7][8][9][10]. In Africa, the rate of occurrence of inguinal hernias ranges from 60 to 175 cases per 100,000 people [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haematological Profile in Pre-Surgery Hernia Patients: A Case-Control Study in Ghana

et al. 2022

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Introduction: The burden of hernia is disproportionately high in low-to-middle-income countries, due to the lack of fundamental resources needed to effectively diagnose and manage cases. The patterns of hernia, the haematological profile, and the predictive ability of blood cell indices were all investigated in this study. Methods: Fifty-four subjects: 27 hernia patients and 27 healthy controls were included in this single-centre, unmatched case-control study. Hernia was diagnosed using physical examination and ultrasound scan. Haematological indices of each subject were measured with an automated blood cell counter. Results: Herniae recorded were 92.59% inguinal, and 3.27% each epigastric and uterine prolapse. Hernia was prevalent in males (85.2%, p=0.008) and older subjects ≥53 years (48.1%, p=0.004). HgB (p=0.006), MCHC (p≤0.001), and RDW-CV (p=0.042) levels were significantly elevated in strangulated than non-strangulated hernia and controls respectively, while Abs GRAN (p=0.024) was decreased in non-strangulated than strangulated hernia and control groups respectively. MCHC (AUC=0.947 [0.895-0.999], p≤0.001) was the most sensitive predictor for herniation followed by age (AUC=0.750 [0.610-0.889], p=0.002); HgB (AUC=0.718 [0.580-0.857], p=0.006); and RDW-CV (AUC=0.700 [0.559-0.840], p=0.012). Also, MCHC (AUC=0.831 [0.723-0.938], p≤0.001); HgB (AUC=0.738 [0.590-0.887], p=0.005); and RBC (AUC=0.671 [0.502-0.840], p=0.045) respectively, were significant predictors of strangulation. Conclusion: Gender and age were significantly associated with hernias. Inguinal hernia and strangulation were common in the study setting, especially, among males. Also, there were significant variations in erythrocyte- and leucocyte indices across the groups, but not platelets. Erythrocyte indices were significant predictive biomarkers for hernia and strangulation. The CBC is a useful test for the early detection of herniation and strangulation. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2022-0401-1 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Profile in Pre-Surgery Hernia Patients: A Case-Control Study in Ghana

et al. 2022

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The Prevalence, Awareness, and Associated Risk Factors of Inguinal Hernia Among the Adult Population in Saudi Arabia

Almunifi,

Alshamrani,

AlMehrij

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Purpose: Inguinal hernias lead to several potentially fatal complications such as strangulation. Assessing the prevalence, risk factors, and beliefs of a population is essential to develop appropriate preventive strategies. This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and awareness of inguinal hernia in the adult population of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 461 adults aged between 18 and 60 years after excluding those aged <18 and >60 years. This study was conducted in five regions of Saudi Arabia (north, west, central, south, and east). A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on the prevalence, perception, and awareness of the participants. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for inguinal hernia.Results: The study revealed that most participants were men n=262 (56.8%), aged between 18 and 25 years n=241 (52.3%), were single n=278 (60.3%), had a bachelor's degree n=225 (48.8%) and earned less than 50,000 Saudi Riyals annually n=285 (61.8%). Most participants resided in urban areas n=366 (79.4%) with their parents n=230 (49.9%). The prevalence of inguinal hernias in adults was low (5.2%). Our results indicated a significant association between family history of inguinal hernia, chronic cough, bronchial asthma, smoking, and inguinal hernia (p < 0.001). Young adults and undergraduates displayed significantly low awareness of inguinal hernias (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Family history of inguinal hernia, chronic cough, bronchial asthma, and smoking were factors associated with inguinal hernia. Low awareness levels were observed among young undergraduates, with a moderate overall level of awareness.

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Knowledge and Awareness of Congenital Inguinal and Umbilical Hernia and Its Complications in the Pediatric Population Among Parents in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Assakran,

Alhumaidi,

Almutairi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Congenital umbilical and inguinal hernias are prevalent in infants and children. The exact incidence of congenital umbilical hernias remains unclear due to their typically asymptomatic nature, resulting in limited medical attention-seeking by parents. As these hernias are associated with serious complications such as incarceration, strangulation, and, rarely, obstruction, timely recognition and early medical intervention play a critical role in preventing these complications. This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and awareness of congenital inguinal and umbilical hernia and its complications in the pediatric population among parents in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted among parents living in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to the targeted parents using an online survey. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data (i.e., gender, marital status, education), general awareness about umbilical and inguinal hernia, and a six-item questionnaire to measure parents’ knowledge regarding umbilical and inguinal hernia. Results A total of 440 parents responded to our survey (30.9% males vs. 69.1% females). Overall, 49.5% had at least four or more children. Of the study participants, 19.8% knew of both umbilical and inguinal hernias. The overall median knowledge score of six knowledge items was 2.00 (interquartile range = 2.00). Most parents (64.3%) had poor knowledge, and only 2.3% of them had good knowledge. Higher education, awareness of the meaning of congenital inguinal or umbilical hernias, and having children with a previous history of umbilical or inguinal hernia symptoms were the factors associated with increased knowledge. Conclusions The parents’ knowledge regarding congenital umbilical or inguinal hernia was deficient. Parents with self-knowledge of the disease were likely to demonstrate better umbilical and inguinal hernia knowledge than the rest of the groups. This study highlights the importance of awareness campaigns in bridging the knowledge gap.

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Measurement of Knowledge and Practice of Saudi Population Towards Hernias and Its Risk Factors

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Haematological Profile in Pre-Surgery Hernia Patients: A Case-Control Study in Ghana

Haematological Profile in Pre-Surgery Hernia Patients: A Case-Control Study in Ghana

The Prevalence, Awareness, and Associated Risk Factors of Inguinal Hernia Among the Adult Population in Saudi Arabia

Knowledge and Awareness of Congenital Inguinal and Umbilical Hernia and Its Complications in the Pediatric Population Among Parents in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

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