Measurement of mechanical and fracture properties of solid electrolyte interphase on lithium metal anodes in lithium ion batteries

Yoon, Insun; Jurng, Sunhyung; Abraham, Daniel P.; Lucht, Brett L.; Guduru, Pradeep R.

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2019.10.009

Cited by 82 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A shift to linear SEI growth was so far observed experimentally by different groups . This transition is typically attributed to mechanical effects, for example, repeated SEI fracture and regrowth .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…as transition between either diffusion and reaction or diffusion and migration limitation . Moreover, our findings show that linear capacity fade is inherent to the electrochemistry of the system and not necessarily caused by SEI fracture and reformation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As hift to linear SEI growth was so far observed experimentally by different groups. [45,51,56,67,68] This transition is typically attributed to mechanical effects, for example, repeated SEI fracture and regrowth. [32,45,69] Our approachs hows ac omplementarye xplanation of linear SEI growth within electrochemistry.…”

Section: Ultra Long-termsei Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[49,50,55] Moreover,o ur findings show that linear capacity fade is inherent to the electrochemistry of the system and not necessarily caused by SEI fracture and reformation. [32,45,68,69]…”

Section: Transition Between Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid–Electrolyte Interphase During Battery Cycling: Theory of Growth Regimes

2020

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The capacity fade of modern lithium ion batteries is mainly caused by the formation and growth of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI). Numerous continuum models support its understanding and mitigation by studying SEI growth during battery storage. However, only a few electrochemical models discuss SEI growth during battery operation. In this article, a continuum model is developed that consistently captures the influence of open‐circuit potential, current direction, current magnitude, and cycle number on the growth of the SEI. The model is based on the formation and diffusion of neutral lithium atoms, which carry electrons through the SEI. Recent short‐ and long‐term experiments provide validation for our model. SEI growth is limited by either reaction, diffusion, or migration. For the first time, the transition between these mechanisms is modelled. Thereby, an explanation is provided for the fading of capacity with time t of the form t β with the scaling coefficent β , 0≤ β ≤1. Based on the model, critical operation conditions accelerating SEI growth are identified.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultra Long-termsei Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transition Between Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid–Electrolyte Interphase During Battery Cycling: Theory of Growth Regimes

2020

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“…Recently, Guduru' group developed a new experimental technique for accurate mechanical characterization of SEI employing a micron-scale membrane bulge configuration (schematic illustration shows in Figure 3c,d) integrated with an AFM. [50] Mechanical properties including plane strain elastic modulus, residual stress, yield strength and inelastic response of SEI formed in two model electrolytes (1.2 M LiPF 6 in ethylene carbonate (EC) and 1.2 M LiPF 6 in EC/FEC (8:2 by weight)) were investigated. The plane strain modulus, elastic limit and residual stress of SEI in EC electrolyte are measured to be ≈240, ≈9, and ≈4.5 MPa respectively; the corresponding values for SEI in EC/FEC are ≈430, ≈9, and ≈3.9 MPa.…”

Section: Mechanical Property Of Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Engineering for Lithium Metal Anodes in Liquid Electrolyte

Zhai

Liu

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

312

194

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Interfacial chemistry between lithium metal anodes and electrolytes plays a vital role in regulating the Li plating/stripping behavior and improving the cycling performance of Li metal batteries. Constructing a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li metal anodes is now understood to be a requirement for progress in achieving feasible Li‐metal batteries. Recently, the application of novel analytical tools has led to a clearer understanding of composition and the fine structure of the SEI. This further promoted the development of interface engineering for stable Li metal anodes. In this review, the SEI formation mechanism, conceptual models, and the nature of the SEI are briefly summarized. Recent progress in probing the atomic structure of the SEI and elucidating the fundamental effect of interfacial stability on battery performance are emphasized. Multiple factors including current density, mechanical strength, operating temperature, and structure/composition homogeneity that affect the interfacial properties are comprehensively discussed. Moreover, strategies for designing stable Li‐metal/electrolyte interfaces are also reviewed. Finally, new insights and future directions associated with Li‐metal anode interfaces are proposed to inspire more revolutionary solutions toward commercialization of Li metal batteries.

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Optimum Particle Size in Silicon Electrodes Dictated by Chemomechanical Deformation of the SEI

Jin

Guo

Xiao

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanostructured alloy‐forming anode materials can resist fracture that is caused by extreme volume changes during cycling. However, the higher surface area per unit mass in nanomaterials increases exposure to the electrolyte reduction reactions that form a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which implies that capacity loss will increase as particle size decreases. This hypothesis is investigated with composite electrodes using different silicon nanoparticle sizes, and the expected particle size effect is not observed. Instead, there is an optimum particle size where capacity loss per volume is minimized. Finite element modeling demonstrates that the mechanical deformation of the SEI varies significantly with the silicon particle size. Smaller particles lead to the decrease of the tensile hoop strains in the outer portion of the SEI and simultaneously make the overall elastic strains in the inner portion more compressive. These results suggest that the SEI on smaller particles is more resistant to mechanical degradation, even though the higher specific surface areas increase initial SEI formation. The trade‐off between these effects leads to the observed optimum particle size.

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Measurement of mechanical and fracture properties of solid electrolyte interphase on lithium metal anodes in lithium ion batteries

Cited by 82 publications

References 61 publications

Solid–Electrolyte Interphase During Battery Cycling: Theory of Growth Regimes

Solid–Electrolyte Interphase During Battery Cycling: Theory of Growth Regimes

Interface Engineering for Lithium Metal Anodes in Liquid Electrolyte

Optimum Particle Size in Silicon Electrodes Dictated by Chemomechanical Deformation of the SEI

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