Measurement of mechanical thresholds, plasma cortisol and catecholamines in control and lame cattle: A preliminary study

Ley, S.; Waterman, A.E.; Livingston, A.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90096-x

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Measurements of baseline mechanical force threshold variability using the described device are comparable and in some cases lower than to those previously reported in studies using the pneumatic cuff attached to the animal (Nolan et al, 1987;Ley et al, 1989;Welsh and Nolan, 1994;Ley et al, 1996;Dolan and Nolan, 2001). The reduction in the variability of the baseline measurements may derive from the fact that the system described herein does not suffer the problems associated with re-positioning the device on the animal's leg.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…This is similar to that reported by Nolan et al (1987) in sheep, which indicated that a cut off force of 19 N did not produce mechanical damage to the skin or leg. A range of comparable cut-off forces (16-20 N) have been employed in a number of studies on sheep and cattle using the same or a modification of the method described by Nolan et al (1987) (Welsh and Nolan, 1995a,b;Main et al, 1995;Ley et al, 1996). A minimum interval of 30 s was set in pigs for stimulus applications to minimise the possibility of sensitizing the foot pads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…able for use in laboratory species deliver relatively low forces and are therefore often not appropriate for use in larger species, where the stimulation forces required to elicit a behavioural response are much greater. Several devices for delivering noxious mechanical stimuli have been developed for use in domesticated and farm animals such as sheep (Nolan et al, 1987;Ley et al, 1989;Nolan, 1994, 1995a,b;Main et al, 1995), dogs (Hamlin et al, 1988;Lascelles et al, 1997Lascelles et al, , 1998, horses (Chambers et al, 1990(Chambers et al, , 1994, cats (Slingsby et al, 2001;Dixon et al, 2007), and cattle (Ley et al, 1996;Kemp et al, 2008). For the most part, these devices have incorporated the use of a blunt pin head positioned against the skin of a lower limb, which is pneumatically driven into the skin and the force transmitted onto the underlying tissue, until a behavioural response (commonly leg lift) is evoked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of a mechanical stimulator and force measurement system for the assessment of nociceptive thresholds in pigs

Sandercock

Gibson

Brash

et al. 2009

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of a mechanical stimulator and force measurement system for the assessment of nociceptive thresholds in pigs

Sandercock

Gibson

Brash

et al. 2009

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…In a recent study, Tadich et al (2013) found positive associations between different pain indicators and a 5-point lameness score. For instance, hyperalgesia increased with increased severity of lameness, thereby confirming the findings in previous studies (Ley et al, 1996, Whay et al, 1998. Dyer et al (2007) measured pain using a claw compression test.…”

Section: Validitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Use of animal based measures for the assessment of dairy cow welfare ANIBAM

Nielsen

Angelucci

Scalvenzi

et al. 2014

EFSA Supporting Publications

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The overall aim of the project was to evaluate the use of routinely collected animal based measures (ABMs) for an evaluation of the overall animal welfare in dairy cow herds. ABMs being able to detect worst adverse effects in relation to animal welfare were identified based on the existing literature and expert opinion. The validity and robustness of these ABMs were evaluated and cow mortality, somatic cell count and lameness were selected for further study. A number of factors of variation were selected using expert opinion and used in a model to collate routinely collected data from Italy, Belgium and Denmark on selected ABMs. The routinely collected data was uploaded to the Data Collection Framework platform at EFSA and the data management in this process was evaluated. Five research datasets from Italy, Belgium, Denmark and France including information on ABMs as well as a measure of 'overall animal welfare' at herd level were analysed to evaluate the association between the ABMs (individually or in combination) and overall welfare. The measure of 'overall animal welfare' were not the same for all datasets. Except from the Italian data, the association between the ABMs and the different overall welfare measures were generally weak. Likewise, combining more than one ABM only improved the prediction of the overall welfare in the Italian dataset. Analyses of the other datasets could not confirm this finding. Finally, suggestions for future recordings of ABMs not routinely collected at the moment were given with a special focus on lameness. In conclusion, the relationship between selected ABMs and overall welfare at the herd level is complex and still not sufficiently studied. Therefore, a system using routinely collected ABMs to predict the overall welfare at herd level in dairy herds does not seem realistic based on the results from the present study. The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). In accordance with Article 36 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, this task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a grant agreement between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s). The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It cannot be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. SUMMARYThe European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) aims to establish a practical and validated basis for data collection of animal based measures (ABMs) for farmed animal species and consequent quantitative risk assessment of the welfare of target populations. Through a series of six integrated objectives this project evaluated the possibility to use routinely collected ABMs to pre...

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“…As a consequence, the direct cost of lameness in the feedyard is estimated to be US$59.94/case. Lameness is one of the most important welfare challenges in livestock production and is considered a chronic pain syndrome because hyperalgesia persists for at least 28 d after the causal lesion has resolved (Ley et al, 1996;Whay et al, 1998Whay et al, , 2003. Lameness pain has both an inflammatory and neuropathic component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of oral meloxicam administered alone or in combination with gabapentin on experimentally induced lameness in beef calves1

Coetzee

Mosher

Anderson

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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This study examined the pharmacokinetics and analgesic effect of oral meloxicam (MEL) administered alone or in combination with gabapentin (GABA) in an experimental bovine lameness model. Eighteen male British × Continental beef calves aged 4 to 6 mo and weighing 297 to 392 kg were randomly assigned to receive either 1) 0.5 mg/kg lactose monohydrate placebo (PLBO; n = 6), 2) 0.5 mg/kg MEL (n = 6), or 3) 0.5 mg/kg MEL combined with 15 mg/kg GABA (MEL-GABA; n = 6) once daily for 4 d. The first treatment was administered 4 h after a chemical synovitis/arthritis was induced with injection of 15 mg amphotericin B into the left hind lateral distal interphalangeal joint. Changes in activity were evaluated continuously with pedometers. Contact force, contact area, contact pressure, impulse, and stride length were recorded once daily with a pressure mat and visual lameness scores were determined by a masked observer using a 5-point scale.Cortisol and drug concentrations were determined daily by immunoassay and HPLC-mass spectrometry, respectively. Outcomes were compared statistically using a random effects mixed model and analysis of covariance. There was a positive association between lameness scores and serum cortisol concentrations (P = 0.02) and a negative association between lameness score and step count (P < 0.0001), total force (P = 0.001), force applied to the lateral claw (P= 0.02), contact pressure (P = 0.005), and impulse of the lateral claw (P = 0.01).Step count was greater in MEL calves compared with PLBO (P = 0.008) and MEL-GABA (P = 0.04) calves. Impulse was greater in the MEL-GABA calves compared with the PLBO calves (P = 0.03). There was an inverse relationship between plasma MEL concentrations and lameness score (P = 0.02) and a positive association between MEL concentrations and force applied to the lateral claw (P = 0.03), total contact pressure (P = 0.03), and impulse on the lateral claw (P = 0.02). There was a tendency towards a positive association between GABA concentrations, total impulse, and impulse on the lateral claw (P = 0.08) and a negative associate between GABA concentrations and step count (P = 0.08). The results of this study suggest that MEL administered alone or in combination with GABA reduced the severity of lameness in calves following induction of lameness with amphotericin B. These findings have implications for developing analgesic protocols in lame calves that address both production and welfare concerns.

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Measurement of mechanical thresholds, plasma cortisol and catecholamines in control and lame cattle: A preliminary study

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Development of a mechanical stimulator and force measurement system for the assessment of nociceptive thresholds in pigs

Development of a mechanical stimulator and force measurement system for the assessment of nociceptive thresholds in pigs

Use of animal based measures for the assessment of dairy cow welfare ANIBAM

Impact of oral meloxicam administered alone or in combination with gabapentin on experimentally induced lameness in beef calves1

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