Measurement of optical second-harmonic generation from an individual single-walled carbon nanotube

Huttunen, Mikko J.; Herranen, Olli; Johansson, Andreas; Jiang, Hua; Mudimela, Prasantha R.; Myllyperkiö, Pasi; Bautista, Godofredo; Nasibulin, Albert G.; Kauppinen, Esko I.; Ahlskog, M.; Kauranen, Martti; Pettersson, Mika

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/15/8/083043

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…15,16 Very strong intrinsic SHG response was confirmed by observing SHG from an individual air-suspended SWCNT. 17 It has been observed by using emission spectroscopy that the interaction of oxygen with individual SWCNTs may lead to blinking or bleaching of luminescence, activation of forbidden transitions and creation of new states. [18][19][20][21] While luminescence studies are limited to semiconducting SWCNTs, FWM spectroscopy is sensitive to metallic tubes as well which makes FWM a more general method for investigating SWCNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local photo-oxidation of individual single walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond four wave mixing imaging

Aumanen

Johansson

Herranen

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Photo-oxidation of individual, air-suspended single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is studied by femtosecond laser spectroscopy and imaging. Individual SWCNTs are imaged by four wave mixing (FWM) microscopy under an inert gas (Ar or N2) atmosphere. When imaging is performed in an ambient air atmosphere, the decay of the FWM signal takes place. Electron microscopy shows that SWCNTs are not destroyed and the process is attributed to photoinduced oxidation reactions which proceed via a non-linear excitation mechanism, when irradiation is performed with ∼30 fs pulses in the visible spectral region (500-600 nm). Photo-oxidation can be localized in specific regions of SWCNTs within optical resolution (∼300 nm). The effect of photo-oxidation on Raman spectra was studied by irradiating a local spot on an individual SWCNT and comparing the spectra of irradiated and non-irradiated regions of the same tube. It is shown at an individual nanotube level that oxidation leads to a decrease of the intensity of the Raman signal and an upshift of the G-band.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local photo-oxidation of individual single walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond four wave mixing imaging

Aumanen

Johansson

Herranen

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…13−16 The above-mentioned investigations address only the linear optical response of electrochemically gated carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes also show a prominent nonlinear optical response including optical limiting, 17−19 harmonic generation, 20,21 four-wave mixing, 22−25 and absorption saturation. 26−29 The latter one has been a subject of intense investigation for the past decade due to the successful integration of carbon nanotube saturable absorbers (SWCNT-SA) into fiber lasers for noise filtering and ultrashort pulse generation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid Gated Carbon Nanotube Saturable Absorber for Switchable Pulse Generation

et al. 2019

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Materials with electrically tunable optical properties offer a wide range of opportunities for photonic applications. The optical properties of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can be significantly altered in the near-infrared region by means of electrochemical doping. The states’ filling, which is responsible for the optical absorption suppression under doping, also alters the nonlinear optical response of the material. Here, for the first time we report that the electrochemical doping can tailor the nonlinear optical absorption of SWCNT films and demonstrate its application to control pulsed fiber laser generation. With a pump–probe technique, we show that under an applied voltage below 2 V the photobleaching of the material can be gradually reduced and even turned to photoinduced absorption. Furthermore, we integrated a carbon nanotube electrochemical cell on a side-polished fiber to tune the absorption saturation and implemented it into the fully polarization-maintaining fiber laser. We show that the pulse generation regime can be reversibly switched between femtosecond mode-locking and microsecond Q-switching using different gate voltages. This approach paves the road toward carbon nanotube optical devices with tunable nonlinearity.

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“…There are many other LDMs that can offer a strong second and third harmonic generation. [137][138][139][140][141] Gallium selenide (GaSe), a layered III-VI semiconductor, has a great potential for photocurrent generation. [142,143] Also, there is direct to indirect bandgap transition if we go from the few layers to monolayer GaSe.…”

Section: Topological Dirac Semimetal and Other Ldmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonic Generation in Low‐Dimensional Materials

Ullah

Meng

Shi

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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Low‐dimensional materials (LDMs) provide an unprecedented avenue having the potential to disruptively revolutionize the information and communication technologies. The rise of nonlinear photonics in LDMs began about in 2009 and has now become an important research direction. While harmonic generation, a widely studied nonlinear optical effect, can be a powerful probe to low‐dimensional physics, it may also find applications in bioimaging, optical signal processing, and novel coherent light sources. In this work, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in harmonic generation are reviewed in a range of emerging LDMs. The criteria of chiral selection rules for the second and third harmonic generations are also provided. In particular, different strategies to tune and enhance harmonic generation in LDMs are discussed, including excitonic effects, interlayer twisting angle, electric field, and cavity resonance among others. It is believed that harmonic generation in LDMs will continue to grow, thus lying the basis for practical applications.

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Measurement of optical second-harmonic generation from an individual single-walled carbon nanotube

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

Local photo-oxidation of individual single walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond four wave mixing imaging

Local photo-oxidation of individual single walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond four wave mixing imaging

Ionic Liquid Gated Carbon Nanotube Saturable Absorber for Switchable Pulse Generation

Harmonic Generation in Low‐Dimensional Materials

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