Measurement of Phenolic Compounds by Spectrometry and Chromatography in Lime Juices

Abstract

Juice demand has been increasing at a rapid rate in recent years, and one of the major efforts underway to meet this demand is to minimize changes during the juice process. Due to the high consumption of juice and the carcinogenicity of synthetic and chemical substances, this research uses high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry to detect fake juices. For the detection of fraud, the tests of sodium and potassium content along with determining the amount of flavonoids (hesperidin and eriocitrin) were carried out using spectrophotometry and HPLC. The results showed the average amount of total polyphenol was from 32.4 to 42.6 mg L-1. The total polyphenol content in all samples conformed to the standard, and there was no significant difference between the samples and the standard. The amounts of flavonoids (hesperidin and eriocitrin) in the juice samples were below the standard level (a minimum of 90 and 20 g/mL, respectively). Also, there was a significant difference between the mean sodium and potassium content of standard versus feigned juices. Generally, the amount of hesperidin, eriocitrin, Na+, and K+ as diagnostic biomarkers of natural juice in all samples was below the standard level. All the analysed samples in the experiment were nonstandard. There is a lot of fraud in the juice business, so it has been suggested that the government should have more control over how manufacturing companies make juice.

Enriching the Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Concentrated Lime Juices Prepared by Cryogenic and Vacuum Processes

“…In another study, hesperidin was detected in sweet lime (Citrus limetta) at a level from 29.05 to 31.67 mg/100 mL [9]. In the commercial lime juices of C. latifolia, the amount of hesperidin ranged from 2.8 to 5.6 mg/100 mL [48], much lower than the amount found in this study. Eriocitrin was the second-highest component that was quantified in lime juices.…”

“…The qualitative analysis results also revealed that the flavonoids of C. latifolia juice were more diverse compared to that of C. limonia. Hesperidin, eriocitrin, and diosmin have been extensively reported as major flavonoids of lime juice [9,47,48]. Lime juices also contain important flavonoids such as naringin and rutin [46,[49][50][51].…”

Evaluation of Phytochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Ziziphus Spina-Christi, Satureja Khuzistanica, and Salvia Rosmarinus Using FT-IR Method

“…Morever, the antioxidant effect of various phytochemicals in the medicinal plant has been reported (Dokhani et al, 2022;Falahi et al, 2019). Antioxidant activity is defined as biological property, which may preserve different foods from the toxic impacts of oxidants (Shakeri et al, 2022). The polyphenols showed antioxidant, antiproliferative activities, and apoptosis-inducing, which can be greatly effective in the prevention of various illnesses, mainly cancer (Ramos et al, 2008).…”

Influence of green pepper extract on the physicochemical, antioxidant, and sensory properties of stirred yogurt

“…Phenolic phytochemicals exhibit noteworthy antioxidant activity and possess particular therapeutic properties such as anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive activity. ( Altememy et al, 2022 , Abdi-Moghadam et al, 2023b , Shakeri et al, 2022 ). One of the good sources of phenolic compounds is pepper ( Chan et al, 2018 , Zhang et al, 2015 ).…”