Measurement of plasma vitamin K₁ (phylloquinone) and K₂ (menaquinones-4 and -7) using HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

The developed rapid and easy-to-use LC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of PK, MK-4, and MK-7 in human plasma may be a good alternative for the labor-intensive and time-consuming LC-MS/MS methods and enables a higher sample throughput.

Vitamin K plasma levels determination in human health

“…In a study population of 60 renal transplant recipients, the authors confirmed that plasma PK concentrations were significantly associated with recent PK dietary intake and plasma MK-4 concentrations, and that plasma vitamin K levels were strongly correlated with plasma triglyceride concentrations [49].…”

“…Currently, an effective analytical method for assessing circulating vitamin K appears to be the one described by Riphagen et al [49], a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of three vitamers (PK, MK-4, and MK-7) with a simplified sample pre-purification process and reduced total run-time. Hopefully, this assay should avoid the interference by circulating triglycerides and should allow the identification of all vitamin K subtypes.…”

“…Riphagen et al [49] also described a method based on LC-APCI-MS/MS with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization to detect plasma PK, MK-4 and MK-7 levels, simplifying the sample pre-purification process and reducing the total run-time without compromising sensitivity and selectivity. In a study population of 60 renal transplant recipients, the authors confirmed that plasma PK concentrations were significantly associated with recent PK dietary intake and plasma MK-4 concentrations, and that plasma vitamin K levels were strongly correlated with plasma triglyceride concentrations [49].…”

Determination of vitamins K1, MK‐4, and MK‐7 in human serum of postmenopausal women by HPLC with fluorescence detection

“…Riphagen et al published a LC‐MS method with APCI for determination of vitamins K 1 , MK‐4, and MK‐7 with a simplified pretreatment sample procedure. But the limit of quantification for MK‐7 was only 2.2 ng/mL.…”

“…Low vitamin K concentrations are associated with increased risks of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly and vascular calcification . It was published that serum vitamin K concentrations are significantly associated with dietary intake of these vitamins . It is not entirely clear why there are no significant differences between populations but also between postmenopausal women in individual populations, and if only nutritional and metabolic factors play role.…”