Measurement of Positive Irrational Beliefs (Positive Cognitive Illusions)

Collard, James; Cummins, Robert A.; Fuller-Tyskiewicz, Matthew

doi:10.1007/s10902-015-9632-x

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Especially, individual's prior expectations and self-serving biases shape social judgment (Taylor and Brown, 1988). In the literature, these phenomena are often grouped into one joint concept of positive illusions (see Taylor and Brown, 1988; Flanagan, 2009; Makridakis; Moleskis, 2015; Collard et al , 2016; Jefferson et al , 2017). They are defined as a “systematic small distortions of reality that make things appear better than they are” (Taylor, 1989, p. 228).…”

Section: Theory and The Development Of Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overconfidence and financial decision-making: a meta-analysis

Grežo

2020

RBF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThis meta-analysis reviews and summarizes the results of 34 studies to investigate the relationship between overconfidence and financial decision-making.Design/methodology/approachA correlation meta-analysis was conducted with three moderators of the relationship between overconfidence and financial decision-making examined: the type of overconfidence construct, the type of overconfidence measuring method and the type of financial decision-making.FindingsIt was found that the effect of overconfidence on financial decision-making was significant, but the magnitude of this effect was low. Additionally, indirect measures of overconfidence showed to have stronger effect than direct measures, and the overconfidence was mostly related to investment, followed by trading and innovativeness.Originality/valueThis was the first attempt to meta-analytically integrate results concerning the relationship between overconfidence and financial decision-making. Although overconfidence is described as a keystone for understanding financial decision-making, it was shown that it has rather limited effect on individuals' financial decisions. The findings suggest that indirect measures increase the overall effect and may cause the overvaluation of overconfidence in literature. The results call for more rigorous and consistent conceptualization of overconfidence in behavioral research.

show abstract

Section: Theory and The Development Of Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overconfidence and financial decision-making: a meta-analysis

Grežo

2020

RBF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This understanding of positive illusions as patterns of beliefs is largely shared in the psychological literature, and compatible with common assumptions about how positive illusions work (cf. Collard et al, 2016, Makridakis and Moleskis, 2015, McKay and Dennett, 2009). …”

Section: Are Positive Illusions Beliefs?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is unrealistic optimism?

Jefferson

Bortolotti

Kuzmanovic

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HighlightsThere are a number of controversial questions regarding the nature and causes of unrealistic optimism.We argue that unrealistically optimistic cognitions should be considered beliefs rather than desires or hopes.Optimistically biased beliefs are frequently false but establishing falsity in individual cases is difficult and sometimes impossible.Optimistically biased beliefs are epistemically irrational because they are unwarranted and their responsiveness to counter-evidence is limited.

show abstract

“…Although various measures of future-oriented thinking have been developed, most of them have focused on one specific component (e.g. cognitive future orientations [ 39 , 40 ], optimism [ 41 ], hope [ 42 ] and hopelessness [ 43 ], intolerance to uncertainty [ 44 ], or positive illusions [ 45 , 46 ]). Thus, the complexity of the OF construct has not yet been captured, and an integrative framework of these factors is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of the openness to the future scale: a prospective protective factor

Botella

Molinari

Fernández‐Álvarez

et al. 2018

Health Qual Life Outcomes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMost of the research on psychopathology has provided an incomplete picture of mental health by focusing on vulnerability factors and omitting the transversal processes that may explain human adapted functioning. Moreover, research has not sufficiently addressed prospective protective factors for mental health. New theoretical and empirical endeavors aim to incorporate this perspective, particularly in the realm of emotional disorders. A positive view of the future is an indispensable process in attaining desired goals and wellbeing. Openness to the Future is a construct characterized by positive affectivity towards the future, which can be a protective factor for mental health. Although some scales assess future orientations, the complexity of this concept has not yet been captured; therefore, there is a need for new instruments. This study presents the development and validation of a scale for measuring Openness to the Future in clinical (n = 412) and community (n = 890) samples.MethodsPsychometric properties of the OFS were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses, establishing cut-off points to better classify these two groups. Moreover, convergent and discriminant validity were examined by correlating the OFS with theoretically related constructs.ResultsResults support a unidimensional structure and indicate that the items function similarly across clinical and community samples. Moreover, the Openness to the Future scale shows good convergent and discriminant validity.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the Openness to the Future scale is a valid and brief measure of openness to the future for use with clinical and community samples, and it could help to fill a gap in the literature regarding attitudes towards the future and their implications. Openness to the Future is presented as an empirically feasible and theoretically consistent construct that includes both prospective and protective factors in the psychopathological chart.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12955-018-0889-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Measurement of Positive Irrational Beliefs (Positive Cognitive Illusions)

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Overconfidence and financial decision-making: a meta-analysis

Overconfidence and financial decision-making: a meta-analysis

What is unrealistic optimism?

Development and validation of the openness to the future scale: a prospective protective factor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About