Measurement of principal permeability with the channel flow experiment

Weitzenböck, Jan; Shenoi, R.A.; Wilson, P.A.

doi:10.1002/pc.10359

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As discussed by Weitzenböck et al [20], small variations of the effective permeabilities, K eff 0Њ , K eff 45Њ , and K eff 90Њ , cause a noticeable change in the permeability tensor. In fact, it was found that a variation of Ϯ5% in K eff 90Њ (the effective permeability in the weft direction) yields a variation of the predicted angle ␤ of around Ϯ8%.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Iterative Ellipse Methods With Published Datamentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Because of the trigonometrical assumptions, this method is only valid if the directions of measurements are taken with an increment of 45°. The iterative ellipse technique proposed here, based on the reconstruction of the permeability ellipse, is more general and different from that of Weitzenböck et al [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This is the reason why this approach was henceforth named the iterative ellipse method. Note that in the particular case of 0°/45°/90°directions, Weitzenböck et al [20] have proposed three equations to obtain directly the in-plane principal permeabilities K 1 , K 2 , and orientation ␤. They considered three permeability equations written for three effective permeability measured in the 0°/45°/90°directions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The desired permeability values, K 1 and K 2 , and flow orientation ␤ may be derived from three unidirectional experiments. In Weitzenböck et al [20] the in-plane components of the permeability tensor are related to permeability measured by unidirectional injections by rotating the permeability tensor around the z-axis. After measuring the effective permeability along three different orientations, such as 0°, 45°, and 90°, the in-plane permeability tensor could be derived by the authors.…”

Section: In-plane Permeability Tensor From One-dimensional Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In‐plane anisotropic permeability characterization of deformed woven fabrics by unidirectional injection. Part I: Experimental results

2007

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Because of the increasing use of polymer composites in a wide variety of industrial applications, the manufacturing of complex composite parts has become an important research topic. When a part is manufactured by liquid composite molding (LCM), the reinforcement undergoes a certain amount of deformation after closure and sealing of the mold. In the case of bidirectional woven fabrics, this deformation may significantly affect the resin flow and mold filling because of changes in the values of permeability. Among other considerations that govern the accuracy of numerical simulations of mold filling, it is important to predict the changes of permeability as a function of the local shearing angle of the preform. The resin flow through a fibrous reinforcement is governed by Darcy's law, which states that the fluid flow rate is proportional to the pressure gradient. The shape of the flow front in a point-wise injection through an anisotropic preform is an ellipse. Part I of this article describes a new methodology based on the ellipse equation to derive the in-plane permeability tensor from unidirectional injection experiments in deformed woven fabrics. Part II presents a mathematical model that predicts the principal permeabilities and their orientation for sheared fabrics from the permeability characterization of unsheared fabrics. Unidirectional flow experiments were conducted for a nonstitched, balanced, woven fabric for different shearing angles and fiber volume fractions. This article presents experimental results for deformed and undeformed fabrics obtained by unidirectional flow measurements. A comparison of the proposed characterization methodology with radial flow experiments is also included. POLYM. COMPOS., 28:797-811, 2007.

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Section: Comparison Of the Iterative Ellipse Methods With Published Datamentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In-plane Permeability Tensor From One-dimensional Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

In‐plane anisotropic permeability characterization of deformed woven fabrics by unidirectional injection. Part I: Experimental results

2007

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“…A lot of researches were focused on the measurements of the permeability of glass fibre mats used for resin transfer molding (RTM) applications [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. In this case, Darcy law was used and applied for a Newtonian flow:…”

Section: Permeability Measurements Of Glass Fibre Matsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between the glass fibre sizing composition and the surface quality of sheet moulding compounds (SMC) body panels

Feuillade¹,

Bergeret²,

Quantin³

et al. 2006

Composites Science and Technology

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The characteristics of thermosetting composite materials such as SMC are affected by the presence of reinforcements as a result of surface-matrix interactions. Surface treatments or sizings can significantly affect such interactions; hence the sizing selection may significantly affect SMC characteristics. The wetting properties of the unsaturated polyester matrix on glass fibres with different sizings have been studied by contact angle determination. In addition, the permeability of the glass fibres as well as their stiffness, the sizing solubility and swelling were also studied to understand the impregnation level of the glass fibres by the unsaturated polyester matrix before the curing reaction as a function of the sizing chemistry. The parameters that have been varied to determine the wetting and the adhesion properties provided by surface energies are the followings: (i) the sizing amount; (ii) the antistatic agent nature; (iii) the deposit method of this antistatic agent, and (iv) the film former nature. From these results in relation with the surface quality of corresponding moulded SMC panels, some of these glass fibres were selected. By using a statistical approach (principal components analysis (PCA)), it has been possible to conclude about the influence of the glass fibres characteristics on the surface quality. Correlations have also been established between the glass fibre characteristics, the material flow and the surface quality of the SMC panels.

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Modeling the Processing of Natural Fiber Composites Made Using Liquid Composite Molding

Masoodi

Pillai

2011

Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications

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Measurement of principal permeability with the channel flow experiment

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

In‐plane anisotropic permeability characterization of deformed woven fabrics by unidirectional injection. Part I: Experimental results

In‐plane anisotropic permeability characterization of deformed woven fabrics by unidirectional injection. Part I: Experimental results

Relationships between the glass fibre sizing composition and the surface quality of sheet moulding compounds (SMC) body panels

Modeling the Processing of Natural Fiber Composites Made Using Liquid Composite Molding

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