Measurement of refractive index gradients by deflection of a laser beam

Barnard, Anneke; Ahlborn, B.

doi:10.1119/1.9769

Cited by 23 publications

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“…11 6 Conclusion For media with axial, cylindrical, or spherical distributions of refractive index, a ray slope invariant [Eqs. (3), (9), and (33)] allows the use of ray deflection as a means of measuring the index of refraction at the exit point as a function of the index of refraction at the entrance. This means of measurement is only useful when surfaces of varying index are exposed, in which case approximate reconstructions of the index profile are possible with a finite number of measurements.…”

Section: Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of gradient index materials by beam deflection, displacement, or mode conversion

Teichman

2013

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. For media with heterogeneous index of refraction, rays follow curved paths. Methods exploiting knowledge of the relationship between refractive index distribution and ray paths to estimate the refractive index distribution based on laser beam deflection, displacement, and mode conversion on passage through the media are described. The work covers axial, radial (cylindrical), and spherical refractive index distributions. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of gradient index materials by beam deflection, displacement, or mode conversion

Teichman

2013

Opt. Eng

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“…For one-dimensional (1-D) GRIN profiles, conventional methods of measuring the index utilize beam displacement or beam deflection to measure the index gradient. These methods are typically based on simplifying geometric assumptions [16][17][18] that become invalid when a significant amount of refraction occurs inside the sample. Interferometric methods that utilize fringe patterns for phase retrieval [19] are ambiguous without prior knowledge of the index field under investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deflectometry for measuring inhomogeneous refractive index fields in two-dimensional gradient-index elements

2015

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We present a numerical method for calculating inhomogeneous refractive index fields in rectangular gradient-index (GRIN) elements from measured boundary positions and slopes of a collection of rays that transit the medium. The inverse problem is reduced to a set of linear algebraic equations after approximating ray trajectories from the measured boundary values and is solved using a pseudo-inverse algorithm for sparse linear equations. The ray trajectories are subsequently corrected using an iterative ray trace procedure to ensure consistency in the solution. We demonstrate our method in simulation by reconstructing a hypothetical rectangular GRIN element on a 15×15 discrete grid using 800 interrogating rays, in which RMS refractive index errors less than 0.5% of the index range (n(max)-n(min)) are achieved. Furthermore, we identify three primary sources of error and assess the importance of data redundancy and system conditioning in the reconstruction process.

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“…When a beam of light passes through a medium of varying refractive index, it undergoes deflection. [13][14][15][16] The refractive index of a liquid medium is found to increase with the concentration of solute particles in it. [17][18][19] A study of beam deflection due to RIG can give information regarding the physical property of the medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of drug diffusion rate by laser beam deflection technique

Swapna

Anitha

2017

J. Biomed. Opt

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Drug administration is an unavoidable part of treatment. When a drug is administered orally or intravenously, it gets absorbed into the blood stream. The rate and efficiency of absorption depend on the route of administration. When a drug is administered through the oral route, it penetrates the epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa. The diffusion of the drug into the blood stream depends on various parameters, such as concentration, temperature, and the nature of the mucous membrane. The passive diffusion of drugs is found to obey Fick’s law. Water soluble drugs penetrate the cell membrane through aqueous channel or pores. Hence, the study of diffusion of drugs into the water and finally into the blood stream is important. An attempt has been made to study the diffusion of the drug in water as 60% to 80% of human body is water. For the study of drug diffusion in water, a commonly used cough syrup of specific gravity 1.263 is used. It is found that the diffusion rate increases with the concentration of the drug.

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Measurement of refractive index gradients by deflection of a laser beam

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of gradient index materials by beam deflection, displacement, or mode conversion

Measurement of gradient index materials by beam deflection, displacement, or mode conversion

Deflectometry for measuring inhomogeneous refractive index fields in two-dimensional gradient-index elements

Study of drug diffusion rate by laser beam deflection technique

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