Measurement of renal dimensions in vivo: A critical appraisal

Moorthy, H. K.; Venugopal, P

doi:10.4103/0970-1591.82832

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Renal volume is thought to be the most precise predictor of kidney size[ 15 , 16 ]. There is sufficient evidence for correlation from CT based volume measurements to split renal function, that CT volumetric measurement of kidney size could replace the need for split function assessment[ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living kidney donor assessment: Kidney length vs differential function

Akoh

Schumacher

2020

WJT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND The key question in living kidney donor assessment is how best to determine the contribution of each kidney to overall renal function and guide selection of which kidney to donate, ensuring safety of procedure and good outcome for both recipient and donor. It is thought that a length difference > 2 cm may indicate significant difference in function and therefore need for measurement of differential function. AIM To determine the effect of using kidney length to decide which kidney to donate in a retrospective cohort of potential donors. METHODS All 333 potential living kidney donors between January 2009 and August 2018 who completed assessment were retrospectively evaluated. Donor assessment was performed as per United Kingdom guidelines. Data included age, sex, kidney length (cranio-caudal) obtained by computed tomography/ultrasono-graphy,51-chromium ethylenediamine tetraacetatic acid measured glomerular filtration rate, mercapto acetyl tri glycine split function and vascular anatomy. There were 48 exclusions due to inadequate data or incomplete investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel pivot tables and GraphPad Prism. Correlation between kidney length and differential function was determined with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. RESULTS Of 285 potential donors included in the study, there were 144 males (mean age 49.9 ± 14.75) and 141 females (mean age 51.2 ± 11.23). Overall, the Pearson’s correlation between differences in length and divided function of kidney pairs was 0.1630, P = 0.0058. Of 73 with significant difference (> 10%) in divided function, 18 (24.7%) had no difference in kidney length; 54 (74%) had a difference of < 2 cm and only one of > 2 cm. Using a length difference of > 1 cm would only predict significant difference in divided function in 8/34 (23.5%) of cases. Using a difference of > 2 cm as cut off for performing split function would lead to false reassurance in 72 patients (6 had > 20% difference in divided function whereas 66 had 10%-20% difference). CONCLUSION Length difference between kidney pairs alone is not sufficient to replace measurement of divided function. This issue requires a randomised controlled trial to resolve it.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living kidney donor assessment: Kidney length vs differential function

Akoh

Schumacher

2020

WJT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Intriguingly parenchymal echogenicity and abnormalities in renal size are often evident in CKD [ 6 – 8 ]. While measurement of renal dimensions and calculation of renal volume based on the ellipsoid formula is now standard practice [ 10 ], there are little, if any, data translating this information to kidney collagen content. Furthermore, a number of clinical studies [ 9 – 11 ] has shown that use of this formula consistently underestimates kidney volume reported at autopsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified elliptical formula to estimate kidney collagen content in a model of chronic kidney disease

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extent of scarring or renal interstitial collagen deposition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can only be ascertained by highly invasive, painful and sometimes risky, tissue biopsy. Interestingly, while CKD-related abnormalities in kidney size can often be visualized using ultrasound, not only does the ellipsoid formula used today underestimate true renal size, but the calculated renal size does not inform tubulointerstitial collagen content. We used coronal kidney sections from healthy mice and mice with kidney disease to develop a new formula for estimating renal parenchymal area. While treating the kidney as an ellipse with the major axis (a) the polar distance, this technique involves extending the minor axis (b) into the renal pelvis to obtain a new minor axis, be. The calculated renal parenchymal area is remarkably similar to the true or measured area. Biochemically determined kidney collagen content revealed a strong and positive correlation with the calculated renal parenchymal area. Picrosirius red staining for tubulointerstitial collagen also correlated with calculated renal parenchymal area. The extent of renal scarring, i.e. kidney interstitial collagen content, can now be computed by making just two axial measurements which can easily be accomplished via noninvasive imaging of this organ.

show abstract

“…There are various methods of measuring renal dimensions, such as X-rays, ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), each having its own advantages and disadvantages. [ 7 ] In common practice, measurements of renal size of any age are compared with the measurements that are predicted by standard nomograms. However, the current nomograms that are widely used have been derived from the Western literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in renal morphometry: A hospital-based Indian study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:The currently available standard renal nomograms for comparison of renal dimensions in India are based on the measurements made in the Western population. The objectives of our study were to identify variations in renal morphometric parameters in subjects with no known renal disease in a hospital-based Indian population and to find out any correlation between renal volumes with split renal functions and body mass index (BMI).Materials and Methods:One hundred and fifty-one subjects undergoing contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scan for various purposes, including donor nephrectomy, from June 2012 to August 2014 were included in the study. The renal and ureteral dimensions were assessed from the contrast-enhanced CT scan images of these patients.Results:The mean length, width, thickness and volume of the left kidney were 11.02 ± 1.13 cm, 5.21 ± 0.75 cm, 4.65 ± 0.84 cm and 138.22 ± 29.81 mL, respectively, and those for the right kidney were 10.86 ± 1.12 cm, 5.13 ± 0.77 cm, 4.73 ± 0.95 cm and 137.54 ± 34.48 mL, respectively. The mean length of the left ureter was 23.51 ± 1.48 cm and that of the right ureter was 23.24 ± 1.93 cm. The mean volume of the kidneys in males and females was also different. The volume of the kidney did not statically correlate with the split glomerular filtration rate ((P = 0.12) and BMI (P = 0.52)).Conclusions:Our study revealed that there exist differences in various morphometric parameters of the kidney and ureter in different subsets of the Indian population attending our hospital as compared with the standard values quoted in the world literature.

show abstract

Measurement of renal dimensions in vivo: A critical appraisal

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Living kidney donor assessment: Kidney length vs differential function

Living kidney donor assessment: Kidney length vs differential function

A modified elliptical formula to estimate kidney collagen content in a model of chronic kidney disease

Variations in renal morphometry: A hospital-based Indian study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About