Measurement of Selective Grazing of Tropical Pastures Using Esophageal Fistulated Steers

Bredon, R. M.; Torell, D. T.; Marshall, B.

doi:10.2307/3895982

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These results suggest that it is impractical to measure major botanical genera with a high degree of confidence due to large variation of botanical composition among animals. Results of this study support the work of other investigators (Connor et al 1963, Van Dyne and Heady 1965, Bredon, et al 1967 who found botanical composition to vary greatly among animals, 'season of use, and parts of species grazed. Species composition of animal diets in this study varied considerably among animals and seasons with a high degree of selectivity shown for certain species and plant parts.…”

Section: Number Of Animals Requiredsupporting

confidence: 88%

Botanical Composition of Steer Diets on Mesquite and Mesquite-Free Desert Grassland

Galt¹,

Theurer²,

Martin³

1982

Journal of Range Management

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Botanical composition of cattle diets on mesquiteand mesquitefree desert rangeland was determined on a weight basis by a microscope point technique and density constants of species. Pastures consisted primarily of grasses, small amounts of forbs and shrubs, and velvet mesquite (17% crown canopy) on one unit. Dietary composition of plant groups consisted of 67 to 97% grasses, 0 to 4% forbs, and trace to 33% shrubs. Species composition of diets varied by seasons and among animals. Plant preference was not necessarily related to plant availability. Composition of diets was markedly different from composition of pastures. Black grnma averaged only 3% of diets, but comprised about one-third of herbage production. Arizona cottontop, which averaged 20% of herbage on pastures, was the most consistently selected species, averaging 34% of the diet. Seasonal preference was shown for certain grasses such as rothrock grama in spring and bush muhly in winter. Highest preference for shrub species was shown in winter and early summer. Overall dietary composition between pastures was much the smne, but average herbage production for a 2-year period was 347 kg/ha greater where mesquite bad been controlled. Leaves comprised the major plant part of steer diets on both pastures. Leaf content of diets increased from winter to summer while stems decreased for the same periods. Botanical composition of animal diets can be P guide to more efficient use of the range resource by grazing animals.

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Section: Number Of Animals Requiredsupporting

confidence: 88%

Botanical Composition of Steer Diets on Mesquite and Mesquite-Free Desert Grassland

Galt¹,

Theurer²,

Martin³

1982

Journal of Range Management

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“…7-0% in diet and 4-3% sward average, showed a similar degree of selection to that of the present work. Unlike the findings of Bredon et al (1967) however, there was no significant reduction in crude fibre in the diet compared with the sward. This was an unexpected result.…”

Section: Chemical Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…in, diet and sward. The relative values reported by Bredon, Torell & Marshall (1967), in a Themeda grassland in Uganda, viz. 7-0% in diet and 4-3% sward average, showed a similar degree of selection to that of the present work.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal and management effects on the composition and availability of herbage, steer diet and live-weight gains in a Themeda triandra grassland in Kenya. II. Results of herbage studies, diet selected and live-weight gains

Mckay¹

1971

J. Agric. Sci.

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The environment, design and methods of this 2-year Kedong grazing trial in the Rift Valley of Kenya were described in Part I.Crude protein of grasses varied seasonally, usually between 3 and 6 %, while most shrubs and herbs, leguminous and non-leguminous, were in the 10-20 % range, although contributing only about 3 % by weight of the total sward, excluding large bushes and trees. Steers selected herbage of 2-3 % units higher C.P., more Themeda leaf and more herbs than the sward average. Treatment effects on sward and diet C.P., and their relationships, were generally small and inconsistent. Higher C.P. in post-burning rogrowth declined to average levels after 2-3 months, except when grazed at one steer to 4-4 acres, rotational (i.e.

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“…(c) The quality of the diet ingested is superior to the quality shown by chemical analysis of the available browse (Bredon, Torrell & Marshall, 1967). (d) It increases the requirement for fibrous roughage (Bredon & Wilson, 1963), which giraffe satisfy by feeding on old broad-leaf foliage.…”

Section: Plant Part Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feeding ecology of a selective browser, the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi)

1984

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A herbivore can manipulate certain factors of its feeding behaviour in order to achieve the metabolic requirements for reproduction. These factors include the choice of habitat in which to feed, the selection criteria for choosing food items, and the time allocated to feeding or devoted to other energy‐consuming activities. The manipulation of these behavioural factors by giraffe in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania is analysed in relation to the seasonal changes in the quantity and quality of the food resource. The pattern of habitat choice demonstrates seasonal movements by giraffe across the drainage catena in response to differences in the rates of browse production between woodland types. Giraffe show a positive inter‐specific selection for the minor food items with a low available biomass, and utilize the dominant species in approximate proportion to their availability. Plant part selection is shown for the flushing shoots with very high protein contents. Selection criteria include a significant selection for phosphorus, and in the dry season a selection for high energy material by breeding females. With the high nutritional qualities of the diets, negative criteria such as secondary chemical compounds are important. Patterns of browse selection are correlated with inter‐specific seasonal changes in plant phenology. Giraffe devote more time to foraging as the biomass and quality of the food declines in the dry season. Energy is conserved by minimizing energy‐consuming activities at the most demanding times of day.

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Measurement of Selective Grazing of Tropical Pastures Using Esophageal Fistulated Steers

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Botanical Composition of Steer Diets on Mesquite and Mesquite-Free Desert Grassland

Botanical Composition of Steer Diets on Mesquite and Mesquite-Free Desert Grassland

Seasonal and management effects on the composition and availability of herbage, steer diet and live-weight gains in a Themeda triandra grassland in Kenya. II. Results of herbage studies, diet selected and live-weight gains

The feeding ecology of a selective browser, the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi)

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