Measurement of serum estradiol: comparison of three "direct" radioimmunoassays and effects of organic solvent extraction.

Thomas, Chris M.G.; Berg, R. J. Van Den; Segers, M. F. G.

doi:10.1093/clinchem/33.10.1946a

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This commodification resulted in "direct" steroid immunoassays, which bypassed all the original triplet of validity criteria (most fundamentally extraction), sacrificing accuracy and specificity for throughput speed and lower cost. Although problems with validity (analytical specificity, accuracy) of direct immunoassays were soon identified and were reported over 25 years ago (3,4), the funda-mental significance of violating these validity criteria resurfaced prominently in the last decade as the accuracy of direct hormone assays came under more stringent scrutiny-and as a solution, affordable and accessible mass spectrometry (MS) steroid assays came into view.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Requirement for Mass Spectrometry Sex Steroid Assays in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Handelsman

Wartofsky

2013

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

314

188

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Requirement for Mass Spectrometry Sex Steroid Assays in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Handelsman

Wartofsky

2013

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

314

188

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“…Despite consistent reports of problems with the validity of IA methods over the past 33 years, these methods are, remarkably, still routinely performed in the laboratory. 9–23…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite consistent reports of problems with the validity of IA methods over the past 33 years, these methods are, remarkably, still routinely performed in the laboratory. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Investigations by our laboratory over the past two decades have revealed that IA measurements of free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and triiodothyronine (T3) are often overestimated when concentrations of these analytes are low and in scenarios with low TBG. 4,5,[16][17][18][19][20][21]24 Inaccurate results for 'free' (FT4 and FT3) and bioactive (FT3 and T3) thyroid hormones present a major problem when it comes to diagnosing and treating hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of specific binding proteins on immunoassay measurements of total and free thyroid hormones and cortisol

Kanegusuku

Araque

Nguyen

et al. 2021

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Background: Immunoassay (IA) measurements of thyroid hormones have previously given inaccurate results of triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) when concentrations of TBG are low. We evaluate the hypothesis that abnormal concentrations of specific binding proteins (BPs) affect IA measurements and provide results which might misguide the diagnosis and treatment of patients. This study assesses IAs for the measurement of T3, FT3, and cortisol when levels of TBG and CBG are high or low. Comparisons are made between IA and LC-MS/MS. Methods: Serum or plasma samples with high (>95th percentile, n = 25) or low (<5th percentile, n = 27) concentrations of BP were collected. The concentrations of T3, FT3, and cortisol were measured by validated IA and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank analyses were used to compare the two methods. Results: When TBG levels are <5th percentile, the differences between the IA and LC-MS/MS results for T3 and FT3 are statistically significant (T3, p = 0.0011; FT3, p = 0.0003). When CBG levels are >95th percentile, the difference between the IA and LC-MS/MS measurements of cortisol is statistically significant ( p = <0.0001). Conclusion: Abnormal BP concentrations appear to affect the accuracy of IA measurements of T3, FT3, and cortisol. The population of patients with either high or low levels of BPs is significant. Our samples reflect that 65% of women aged between 15 and 49 years are taking oral contraceptives in the US, and thus have elevated levels of BPs. In this group, IA results for cortisol are falsely low. Our samples reflect that patients with protein losing diseases have low BP concentrations. Among a group with renal complications, IA measurements of T3 are overestimated, while those of FT3 are underestimated. Are the Food and Drug Administration and diagnostic companies adequately assessing the accuracy of IA tests?

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“…For the time being, many analytical procedures existing in literature for steroids are self‐made analysis, often too complex or too long and expensive to be replicated in external clinical laboratories . Moreover, these methods are often based on immunoassay analysis, with poor sensitivity and high possibility of false negative and false positive response . Huang et al developed a method to determine six sexual steroid hormones in urine matrix by stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–diode array detector; Magnisali et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a UHPLC‐MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 17 steroidal hormones in equine serum

et al. 2016

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A new, fast and simple analytical method that is able to identify and quantify simultaneously 17 steroid hormones and metabolites (pregnenolone, 17-OH-pregnenolone, progesterone, 17-OH-progesterone, androsterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estrone and estradiol) has been developed in equine serum using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique. A total of 400 µl of sample was deproteinized with 1000 µl of acetonitrile, evaporated, restored with 50 µl of a solution of 25% methanol and injected in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry triple quadrupole. The recovery percentage obtained by spiking the matrix at two different concentrations with a standard mixture of steroid hormones was in all cases higher than 85.60% and with the percentage of coefficient of variation lower than 8.37%. The range of the correlation coefficients of the calibration curves of the analyzed compounds was 0.9922-0.9986, and the limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.002-2 and 0.0055-5.5 ng ml , respectively. The detected limit of quantification for testosterone (i.e. 50 pg ml ) is twofold lower with respect to its threshold admitted in geldings plasma (100 pg ml free testosterone). The high sensitivity and the quantitative aspect of the method permitted to detect most of the steroids in equine serum. Once validated, the method was used to quantify 17 steroid hormones in mare, stallion and gelding serum samples. The main steroids detected were corticosterone (range 37.25-51.26 ng ml ) and cortisol (range 32.57-52.24 ng ml ), followed by 17-OH-pregnenolone, dihydrotestosterone and pregnenolone. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Measurement of serum estradiol: comparison of three "direct" radioimmunoassays and effects of organic solvent extraction.

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Requirement for Mass Spectrometry Sex Steroid Assays in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Requirement for Mass Spectrometry Sex Steroid Assays in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

The effect of specific binding proteins on immunoassay measurements of total and free thyroid hormones and cortisol

Development and application of a UHPLC‐MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 17 steroidal hormones in equine serum

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