Measurement of size-fractionated atmospheric particulate matter and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mumbai, India, and their dry deposition fluxes

Analysis of Factors Influencing Plant–Microbe Combined Remediation of Soil Contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

“…This method can promote the reproduction and division of microorganisms and enhance the governance level [47,48]. Tiwari et al [49] found that microorganisms can biodegrade hydrocarbon compounds and are often used to remediate oil-contaminated soil [49]. The results also show that microorganisms such as fungi in the rhizosphere can also remove soil pollutants such as pentachlorophenol and DDT to a certain extent [50].…”

Occurrences and Potential Sources of Halogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with PM2.5 in Mumbai, India

“…Although industrial activities have been declining, the city still has 183 air‐polluting industries, and the impact of traffic on local air quality is highly visible (R. Kumar & Joseph, 2006). According to Tiwari et al (2020), the concentrations of PAHs associated with particles in the coastal area of Mumbai ranged from 101 to 145 ng/m 3 in warm seasons, suggesting that the possible sources of PAHs were petrogenic. However, the source apportionment of particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM 2.5 ), attributed to PAH concentrations, in the coastal industrial area of Mumbai indicated that the dominant sources are coal/biomass combustion (26%), fuel‐oil combustion (19%), road traffic (18%), and metal industry (11%) as anthropogenic sources (Police et al, 2018).…”