Measurement of the Resistance to the Aqueous Flow by the Electronic Tonometer : Results in Cases of Congestive Glaucoma before and after Treatment

Weekers, R; Prijot, E

doi:10.1136/bjo.36.9.511

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Grant (1951) reported ten narrowangle cases, and Weekers and Prijot (1952) six narrow-angle cases in which the resistance to outflow on compression of the globe increased greatly when the tension was high and decreased when it was low. The changes in all of these cases could be explained by an actual angle block shutting off the anterior chamber from the canal of Schlemm during the increased phase of tension.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Changes that occur during the Phasic Variations of Tension in Chronic Glaucoma

Dobree¹

1953

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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IT is abundantly clear that some relationship exists between ocular tension on the one hand and the state of the perilimbal episcleral vessels on the other. The ciliary congestion associated with acute and sub-acute attacks of congestive glaucoma, and the dilatation of the larger vessels of this region in absolute glaucoma, have long been recognized as examples of this relationship. Furthermore, the importance of these vessels in the drainage of aqueous from the anterior chamber has, by gradual stages, been established. The anatomical researches of Schlemm (1831), Rouget (1856), Leber (1873), Maggiore (1917) and Dvorak-Theobald (1934), have provided us with the basis of our knowledge of the vascular connections in the neighbourhood of the angle of the anterior chamber. More recently, the discovery of the aqueous veins by Ascher (1942) and Goldmann (1946), and the tracing of these to the canal of Schlemm by Ashton (1951), have confirmed a direct continuity between the anterior chamber and the vessels visible on the surface of the globe.The more obvious changes in the episcleral vessels which follow gross changes in intra-ocular pressure have led to the inquiry whether there are also variations in the circulation on the surface of the globe in the less dramatic diurnal rise and fall of pressure which occurs in chronic glaucoma. The most detailed work on this subject is that of Thomassen (1947), who measured the pressures in episcleral vessels during these variations in tension. His method involved the direct compression of the vessel walls by a small transparent viewing chamber applied to the conjunctiva. He found that a rise in intra-ocular pressure was preceded by a rise in the pressure of the episcleral veins, and that a fall in the venous pressure initiated a fall in intra-ocular pressure. The pressure in the anterior ciliary arteries on the other hand did not vary with the changes in ocular tension. Present InvestigationThe main object of this study was to observe the changes in calibre of episcleral arteries, veins, and capillaries during the diurnal fluctuations in tension and to record them by serial photographs. Methods had to be devised of recording the vascular changes without causing disturbances which might in themselves induce a hyperaemia. In most cases it was not necessary to know the precise height of the *

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Changes that occur during the Phasic Variations of Tension in Chronic Glaucoma

Dobree¹

1953

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Consistently Grant (1951) found normal outflow facilities. During the hypertensive phase of the glaucomatous eye Weekers and Prijot (1952) sometimes found a decreased facility in the other eye.…”

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Facility of Outflow in Shallow Anterior Chamber

Linnér

Törnquist

1958

Acta Ophthalmologica

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The shallow anterior chamber has been found to be an essential factor for the type of primary glaucoma characterized by attacks of increased intra-ocular pressure. It is generally accepted that these episodes are caused by a contact between the iris and the cornea blocking the passage through the angle. Therefore it is not surprising that the outflow facility is found to be decreased during these attacks. During the free intervals between the attacks, however, the outflow facility was found to be within normal limits if the angle is re-opened (Grant 1951, and others). These reports seem to indicate that the narrowness of the angle in itself is not a facility-reducing factor.In patients with unilateral attacks of acute glaucoma a study of the other eye is of special interest because the structure of the anterior chamber is very similar in both eyes (Rosengren 1931, Tornquist 1956). Consistently Grant (1951) found normal outflow facilities. During the hypertensive phase of the glaucomatous eye Weekers and Prijot (1952) sometimes found a decreased facility in the other eye.In an extensive study of aqueous humour dynamics Goldmann (1951) among other data reported the outflow resistance and the volume of the anterior chamber in 24 normal human eyes. The figures suggest a tendency towards higher resistance at smaller volume of the anterior chamber, but is seems impossible to draw any definite conclusions from this material.In perfusion experiments of enucleated human eyes Frangois, Rabaey and Neetens (1956 a, b) studied the outflow facility during varying depths of the anterior chamber. The changes in chamber depth were obtained by an adjustable pressure applied to the equator of the globe. The outflow facility was found to decrease at decreasing chamber depth.

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Glaucoma

Haas¹

1953

AMA Arch Ophthalmol

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Measurement of the Resistance to the Aqueous Flow by the Electronic Tonometer : Results in Cases of Congestive Glaucoma before and after Treatment

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

Vascular Changes that occur during the Phasic Variations of Tension in Chronic Glaucoma

Vascular Changes that occur during the Phasic Variations of Tension in Chronic Glaucoma

Facility of Outflow in Shallow Anterior Chamber

Glaucoma

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