Measurement of the soluble membrane receptors for tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin in the sera of patients with gynecologic malignancy

The potential of serum levels of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor I as a biochemical marker in cervical cancer

“…Increased serum levels of sTNF‐R have been observed in women with different types of neoplasia, including gynaecological malignancies 18–21 . These studies have suggested that serum sTNF‐R may be an aid to the early detection and monitoring of women with cancer 18–21 . Accordingly, TNF and sTNF‐R have been investigated as potential biochemical markers 18–21 .…”

TNF receptor p55 and IL-872and IL-877isoforms: blood and urine levels in breast cancer patients

“…Individual fluctuations in these markers, rather, are apparently situational moreso than directly related to breast cancer. Furthermore, in contrast to any other type of reported cancer cases showing apparent increased levels of inflammatory cytokines (Strieter et al, 1993;Grosen et al, 1993;Or et al, 1996;Warzocha et al, 1997;Xu and Fidler., 2000;Hantschel et al, 2008;Uchikawa et al, 2009), in the studies we report here there was only a stable tendency toward decreases in TNF-R p55 and IL-8 72 levels (as compared to corresponding values associated with healthy donors).…”

“…An increased p55 level (i.e., 3.0-10.0 ng/mL) was also observed in all patients suffering from a variety of oncogynecologic cancers (e.g., ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, etc.) (Grosen et al, 1993;Strieter et al, 1993;Warzocha et al, 1997). It is also established that a high level of soluble TNF-R p55 in the blood is a sensitive marker of actively progressing and recurrent and metastazing tumors.…”

Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha receptors p55/p75 ratio and ovarian cancer detection

“…Also worth noticing is that both receptors were better predictors of malignancy in ascitic fluid than CA‐125 [10]. Grosen et al reports even higher value of serum p55 and p75 estimation than CA‐125 in ovarian tumor differentiation [24].…”

“…They also investigated abnormal expression of both receptors in ovarian tumors and normal ovaries [9]. From a study by Grosen et al [24] only approximate mean values of this ratio could be calculated, being 1.05 and 0.4 in different gynecologic cancers and controls respectively. Also the in vitro study of Kost et al [1] supports the hypothesis of massive disturbances in p55/p75 ratio on the surface of ovarian cancer cells, with the values varying from 2.3 to 97.…”