Measurement of Tooth Size (Odontometrics)

Hemphill, Brian E.

doi:10.1002/9781118845486.ch19

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These products provide rough estimates of actual crown areas (Garn, Brace, & Cole, ; Hemphill, ). Nonetheless, they are useful as general indicators of dentition size (Hemphill, ) and, as above, estimated and actual areas share the same heritability ( h 2 = 0.83), at least for the molars of close relatives (Hlusko et al, ). As evident in a line plot of tooth‐by‐tooth areas (Figure ), MH1 is intermediate in size compared to small‐ and large‐toothed species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum crown dimensions were recorded in each of the total 29 teeth from the juvenile MH1 male and adult MH2 female (Berger et al, ) following the standard, established protocol (Moorrees & Reed, ) used by odontometricians in all subfields of biological anthropology, including paleoanthropology: the MD dimension is measured parallel to the occlusal and labial/buccal surfaces, whereas the BL is measured as the greatest distance perpendicular to the MD (Hemphill, ). Measurements were taken with needle point calipers accurate to 0.05 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements of both observers were then compared, for which there also was no significant difference (paired‐samples t ‐test, p < 0.05). For slight variations the mean dimension was calculated on the basis that random errors tend to be normally distributed about the true measure (Hemphill, ). Those dimensions (refer to Table ) that do vary from the originals do so minimally, and no significant differences were detected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, TSA is applied to do the same among species of hominins and Pan that differ markedly in apportionment of tooth size relative to humans. Various imaging methods are available that can quantify such variation (Baab, McNulty, & Rohlf, ; Braga, ; Hemphill, ; Kato & Ohno, ; Mitteroecker & Gunz, ); yet, they are time intensive and the heritability of phenotype captured is comparable to that derived from basic linear estimates (e.g., Hlusko et al, and below). Thus, the phenetic affinity of A. sediba to the other species is considered using two basic, readily obtainable measurements of the permanent teeth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The apportionment of tooth size and its implications in Australopithecus sediba versus other Plio‐pleistocene and recent African hominins

Irish

Hemphill

Ruiter

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The apportionment of tooth size and its implications in Australopithecus sediba versus other Plio-pleistocene and recent African hominins http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4279/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. These findings parallel those in prior studies of dental and other skeletal data, including several that suggest A. sediba is a close relative of, if not ancestral to, Homo. 3The dental morphology of Australopithecus sediba has been characterized and compared with that of various fossil and recent hominins (Berger et al., 2010;Irish et al., , 2014. Dental measurements were also presented (Berger et al., 2010;) though, with exception (de Ruiter et al., 2013, inter-sample study of crown dimensions has been more limited. In brief, these earlier studies suggested the species: 1) is distinct from east African australopiths, 2) may be a sister species of A. africanus, and 3) along with A. africanus, is positioned at the stem of a clade comprising Homo, or otherwise shares a close relationship with the latter genus (i.e., Dembo et al., 2015). Dental morphological apomorphies relative to earlier australopiths, as well as Gorilla and Pan, include: faint shoveling of the upper central incisors (UI1), size variation between the two lingual cusps of lower fourth premolars (LP4), and increased expressions of key upper and lower molar variants (Carabelli's UM1, protostylid LM1, cusp 7 LM1) (Berger et al., 2010;Irish et al., , 2014. Odontometric apomorphies include general size reduction and a specific decrease in the canines and several posterior teeth, like that seen in later Homo (Berger et al., 2010;.The objective of this report is to expand further upon the latter topic, i.e., odontometrics in A. sediba and interspecific relationships. First, previously unpublished and several revised mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) measurements are presented in the 1.977 Ma year-old MH1 Holotype and MH2 Paratype. The diameters are revised, albeit minimally, in that they are based on repeated-measures (re)estimates of worn and fractured crowns, and x-ray synchrotron microtomographic scans of teeth that were unerupted or are covered by matrix. Published data of the latter had originally been taken from lower resolution medical CT scans. Second, the highly heritable MD and BL crown dimensions (Alvesalo and Tigerstedt...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The apportionment of tooth size and its implications in Australopithecus sediba versus other Plio‐pleistocene and recent African hominins

Irish

Hemphill

Ruiter

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…), growth and development (Liversidge ), microscopic anatomy (Antoine and Hillson ; Tang et al. ), morphometric and nonmetric variation (Hemphill ; Scott et al. ), forensic studies (Edgar and Rautman ; Schmidt ; Stojanowski et al.…”

Section: For Your Reading Pleasurementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Anthropology in 2015: Open Access, Biocultural Interactions, and Social Change

Willermet

2016

American Anthropologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The year 2015 was an active research year in biological anthropology in many areas, including fossil hominins, ancient DNA, health and disease, and primate research. Particularly noteworthy this year was a sea change in paleoanthropological research when the newest fossil discovery, Homo naledi, was shared both through open-access journal articles and through 3D printable fossil casts. Despite many bright research areas, we continue to struggle with issues of sexual harassment and diversity, as do many sciences, and I discuss positive, substantive actions in these areas. With race, genetics, health, and primates in the news, public interest in biological anthropology is booming. I highlight social media that pull people into well-researched content areas and new books that reflect the breadth of the field. [biological anthropology, physical anthropology, fossil hominins, epigenetics, health disparities, open access, year in review]RESUMEN El año 2015 fue un año activo en investigación en antropología biológica en muchasáreas, incluyendo homínidos fósiles, ADN antiguo, salud y enfermedad, e investigación de primates. Particularmente notable este año fue el cambio radical en la investigación paleo-antropológica cuando el más nuevo descubrimiento fósil, Homo naledi, fue compartido tanto por artículos de acceso abierto como por moldes fósiles imprimibles en 3D. A pesar de muchasáreas brillantes de investigación, continuamos luchando con cuestiones de acoso sexual y diversidad, como muchas ciencias lo hacen, y discuto acciones positivas, sustanciales en estasáreas. Con raza, genética, salud, Supporting InformationAdditional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's website:Cathy Willermet- Figure 1 permission.

show abstract

Dental Metrics

Scherer

2018

The Encyclopedia of Archaeological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bioarchaeologists primarily use measurements of human teeth (dental metrics, odontometrics) to address questions of population history and structure (biological distance). However, dental metrics are also employed for the estimation of sex and to explore fluctuating dental asymmetry as a possible measure of health. Mesiodistal length, buccolingual width, and crown height are the most common dimensions measured by bioarchaeologists.

show abstract

Measurement of Tooth Size (Odontometrics)

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

The apportionment of tooth size and its implications in Australopithecus sediba versus other Plio‐pleistocene and recent African hominins

The apportionment of tooth size and its implications in Australopithecus sediba versus other Plio‐pleistocene and recent African hominins

Biological Anthropology in 2015: Open Access, Biocultural Interactions, and Social Change

Dental Metrics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About