Measurement of Vanadium Emissions from SCR Catalysts by ICP-OES: Method Development and First Results

Abstract

A liquid-quench-based experimental method for the determination of even minimal vanadium and tungsten emissions from selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was developed. The method was applied to a commercial EuroV SCR catalyst (V 2 O 5 /WO 3-TiO 2) with usual operation temperatures below 450°C, which was on purpose operated at out-of-spec temperatures above 550°C in the laboratory. It was observed that the emissions of vanadium exponentially increase with temperature but the absolute concentrations if calculated to gas phase are very small and still below legal limits of health organizations such as NIOSH. Further, it could be shown that with heating of the same catalyst sample up to 100 h, the emissions increase before reaching a stable level that could be up to four times higher than the emission level in the first 24 h. However, the catalyst was already heavily thermally damaged due to a loss of BET surface of over 50 % compared to the fresh catalyst.

Thermal activation and aging of a V2O5/WO3-TiO2 catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

“…The vanadium volatility was measured on a new dedicated laboratory setup representing an evolution compared to that presented previously by our group [33]. The setup consists of a heated quartz glass reactor equipped with a sampling quartz tube (di= 6 mm) orthogonal to the flow direction and positioned directly after the honeycomb sample.…”

Monomeric Fe Species in Square Planar Geometry Active for Low Temperature NH3-SCR of NO

“…The selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH 3 (NH 3 -SCR) has been a major environmental catalysis topic over the last few decades because of the constantly evolving and increasingly stringent worldwide emission regulations. While the first commercialized NH 3 -SCR technology for stationary sources involved vanadium-based catalysts, , the need for higher activity at low temperature and for stability at high temperature, combined with concerns on the impact of vanadium on health, fostered the development of alternative catalytic systems especially for mobile applications . Cu- and Fe-based zeolites are currently the most widely studied and commercially implemented catalysts for NH 3 -SCR. , Cu-based zeolite catalysts exhibit remarkable catalytic activity in the low temperature region (<300 °C).…”

Effects of K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; on the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; over CuO/Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; catalyst

“…该 [2] . 由于V 2 O 5 的剧毒性和致癌性 [3] , 近年来钒钛基催化剂的应用受到质疑, 环境友好型无 钒SCR催化剂的开发被陆续报道 [4,5] . 20世纪90年代, Centi等 [6] 和Jeong等 [7] 发现, CuO/γ-…”