Measurement techniques for identifying and quantifying hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in an aqueous matrix and particulate matter using aerosol mass spectrometry and ion chromatography

Dovrou, Eleni; Lim, Christopher Y.; Canagaratna, Manjula R.; Kroll, J. H.; Worsnop, Douglas R.; Keutsch, Frank N.

doi:10.5194/amt-12-5303-2019

Cited by 37 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…S2d). In addition, Moch et al and Dovrou et al found that the AS22 column could not fully separate HMS and sulfate, while AS12A was able to successfully separate HMS and sulfate (Moch et al, 2018;Dovrou et al, 2019). Actually, HMS dissociates into SO3 2− and HCHO rapidly in the eluent due to the short characteristic time for HMS dissociation at pH 12, and HMS concentration is measured in the form of sulfite in ion chromatography ( Fig.…”

Section: Offline Sample Collection and Ion Chromatography Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

Ma¹,

Furutani²,

Duan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Severe winter hazes accompanied by high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) occur frequently in the North China Plain and threaten public health. Organic matter (OM) and sulfate are recognized as major components of PM2.5, while atmospheric models often fail to predict their high concentrations during severe winter hazes due to incomplete understanding of secondary aerosol formation mechanisms. By using a novel combination of single particle mass spectrometer and optimized ion chromatography measurement, here we show that hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS), formed by the reaction between formaldehyde (HCHO) and dissolved SO2 in aerosol water, is ubiquitous in Beijing winter. The HMS concentration and the molar ratio of HMS to sulfate increased with the deterioration of winter haze. High concentrations of precursors (SO2 and HCHO) coupled with low oxidant levels, low temperature, high relative humidity, and moderately acid pH facilitate the heterogeneous formation of HMS, which could account for up to 15&#8201;% of OM in winter haze and lead to 36&#8201;% overestimates of sulfate when using traditional ion chromatography measurements. Despite the clean air actions have substantially reduced SO2 emissions, HMS concentration and molar ratio of HMS to sulfate during severe winter hazes increased from 2015 to 2016 with the growth of HCHO concentration. Our findings illustrate the significant contribution of heterogeneous HMS chemistry to severe winter hazes in Beijing, which help to improve the prediction of OM and sulfate, and suggest that the reduction in HCHO can help to mitigate haze pollution.

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Section: Offline Sample Collection and Ion Chromatography Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

Ma¹,

Furutani²,

Duan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terrestrial ecosystems, direct effects of acid deposition to foliage include leaching of cations, altered stomatal function, and changes in wax structure (Cape, 1993). Acid deposition can exacerbate soil acidification (Binkley and Richter, 1987), resulting in loss of soil base cations, leaching of nitrate, and mobilization of aluminum, affecting terrestrial ecosystem health and the quality of water delivered to streams and lakes (Driscoll et al, 2007). Apart from reactive nitrogen, atmospheric deposition is also a significant source of limiting and trace nutrients such as phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu), especially in the remote oceans (Mahowald et al, 2008;Myriokefalitakis et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Importance Of Atmospheric Aciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Acidity, defined as pH, is a central component of aqueous chemistry. In the atmosphere, the acidity of condensed phases (aerosol particles, cloud water, and fog droplets) governs the phase partitioning of semivolatile gases such as HNO3, NH3, HCl, and organic acids and bases as well as chemical reaction rates. It has implications for the atmospheric lifetime of pollutants, deposition, and human health. Despite its fundamental role in atmospheric processes, only recently has this field seen a growth in the number of studies on particle acidity. Even with this growth, many fine-particle pH estimates must be based on thermodynamic model calculations since no operational techniques exist for direct measurements. Current information indicates acidic fine particles are ubiquitous, but observationally constrained pH estimates are limited in spatial and temporal coverage. Clouds and fogs are also generally acidic, but to a lesser degree than particles, and have a range of pH that is quite sensitive to anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, as well as ambient ammonia. Historical measurements indicate that cloud and fog droplet pH has changed in recent decades in response to controls on anthropogenic emissions, while the limited trend data for aerosol particles indicate acidity may be relatively constant due to the semivolatile nature of the key acids and bases and buffering in particles. This paper reviews and synthesizes the current state of knowledge on the acidity of atmospheric condensed phases, specifically particles and cloud droplets. It includes recommendations for estimating acidity and pH, standard nomenclature, a synthesis of current pH estimates based on observations, and new model calculations on the local and global scale.

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“…S2d). In addition, Moch et al (2018) and Dovrou et al (2019) found that the AS22 column could not fully separate HMS and sulfate, while AS12A was able to successfully separate HMS and sulfate. HMS dissociates into SO 2− 3 and HCHO rapidly in the eluent due to the short characteristic time for HMS dissociation at pH 12, and the HMS concentration is measured in the form of sulfite in ion chromatography ( Fig.…”

Section: Offline Sample Collection and Ion Chromatography Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

Ma¹,

Furutani²,

Duan³

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Severe winter haze accompanied by high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) occurs frequently in the North China Plain and threatens public health. Organic matter (OM) and sulfate are recognized as major components of PM2.5, while atmospheric models often fail to predict their high concentrations during severe winter haze due to incomplete understanding of secondary aerosol formation mechanisms. By using a novel combination of single-particle mass spectrometry and an optimized ion chromatography method, here we show that hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS), formed by the reaction between formaldehyde (HCHO) and dissolved SO2 in aerosol water, is ubiquitous in Beijing during winter. The HMS concentration and the molar ratio of HMS to sulfate increased with the deterioration of winter haze. High concentrations of precursors (SO2 and HCHO) coupled with low oxidant levels, low temperature, high relative humidity, and moderately acidic pH facilitate the heterogeneous formation of HMS, which could account for up to 15 % of OM in winter haze and lead to up to 36 % overestimates of sulfate when using traditional ion chromatography. Despite the clean air actions having substantially reduced SO2 emissions, the HMS concentration and molar ratio of HMS to sulfate during severe winter haze increased from 2015 to 2016 with the growth in HCHO concentration. Our findings illustrate the significant contribution of heterogeneous HMS chemistry to severe winter haze in Beijing, which helps to improve the prediction of OM and sulfate and suggests that the reduction in HCHO can help to mitigate haze pollution.

show abstract

Measurement techniques for identifying and quantifying hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in an aqueous matrix and particulate matter using aerosol mass spectrometry and ion chromatography

Cited by 37 publications

References 44 publications

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds

Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain

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