Measurements and modeling of friction torque of wind turbine blade bearings

Menck, Oliver; Behnke, Karsten; Stammler, Matthias; Bartschat, Arne; Schleich, Florian; Graßmann, Matthis

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022087

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To obtain measurements dedicated to the bearings, the measured torque has to be adjusted to eliminate the influence of the gearbox. A detailed description of this procedure is given in [28]. After assembling two test bearings to the test rig, each pair of bearings is tested with three different test programs to assess their individual friction torque properties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations on Wear in Oscillating Grease-Lubricated Rolling Element Bearings of Different Size and Type

et al. 2023

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Grease-lubricated rolling element bearings can suffer from wear due to lubricant starvation under certain oscillating operating conditions. Especially for large-scale slewing bearings, such as blade bearings in wind turbines, experimental investigations are complex compared to small-scale reference testing. For an easier manner of testing, it is desirable to know whether the results of small-scale testing are applicable to larger-sized bearings. In this work, three different bearing types were tested and compared to already published results from a small-scale ACBB with a pitch diameter of 60 mm. The newly tested bearing types comprise a downscaled blade bearing (4-point contact double row ball bearing) with a pitch diameter of 673 mm, a small-scale CRTB with a pitch diameter of 77.5 mm and another ACBB with a pitch diameter of 95 mm. Qualitatively, all tested bearings show similar wear behaviour in terms of friction energy when operation parameters are varied. With higher oscillation frequency, damage becomes more severe. The oscillation amplitude shows three distinctive regimes. Within the range of small amplitudes, an increase in amplitude leads to more pronounced damage. We observe a threshold amplitude where this is no longer the case; a further increase in amplitude counteracts wear initiation until a final threshold is reached, beyond which no more wear is observed. These findings are in accordance with the reference results of the small-scale ACBB. Direct comparison between point and line contact shows that the latter is more prone to wear initiation under grease-lubricated, oscillating operating conditions. Furthermore, a previously introduced empirical number shows good performance in assessing critical operating parameters of the different bearing types. Specifically, harmful operating conditions can be classified for all studied bearing types with an accuracy of 78%. This method can be useful to assess operating conditions of greased, oscillating, rolling element bearings, e.g., to assess different pitch controllers or designs of slewing bearings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations on Wear in Oscillating Grease-Lubricated Rolling Element Bearings of Different Size and Type

et al. 2023

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“…The controller is tuned to mimic the behavior of an industrial pitch controller described in . A complete set of simulated design load cases with the industrial controller is available at Popko (2019).…”

Section: Aeroelastic Simulation With Measured Wind Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inner rings and force-transmitting element share the same vertical rotational axis in this test rig. Additional information regarding this test rig can be found in Menck et al (2022) and Graßmann et al (2023). The bearings are equipped with 600 ml of either grease no.…”

Section: Test Setup For Type 13229 Double Row Ball Bearingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of site-specific wind conditions and individual pitch control on wear of blade bearings

Bartschat,

Behnke,

Stammler

2023

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. The characteristics of a pitch controller determine how the wind turbine reacts to different wind conditions. Control strategies like individual pitch control are known for their ability to reduce the amplitudes of load cycles of the structures of the wind turbine while influencing the operation conditions of the blade bearings in a challenging way. However, the control strategy is not the only influencing factor with respect to failure modes of blade bearings like wear and raceway fatigue. The site-specific and stochastic wind conditions can cause wear-critical operating conditions, which are usually not reflected in the rather short time frames of aeroelastic simulations. This work analyses exemplary wind and operating conditions of one specific site regarding their influence on wear in blade bearings. It is based on measured wind conditions and the modeled behavior of the individual pitch-controlled IWT-7.5-164 reference wind turbine with respect to its pitch activity. The simulation data are used to determine the longest period of uninterrupted wear-critical operation and create a test program based on it for scaled and real-size blade bearings. Experimental results based on this test program show that wear-critical operation conditions can occur during normal operation of a wind turbine and cause mild wear damage to the bearing raceways.

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“…Large-diameter pitch bearing tests have been conducted to determine friction torque (González et al 2008;Han et al 2015;Menck et al 2022) and fatigue lives and wear characteristics (Handreck et al 2015;Becker et al 2017;Grebe et al 2018;He et al 2018;Schwack, Prigge, and Poll 2018;Fischer and Mönnig 2019;Schwack et al 2020;Schwack et al 2021;Song and Karikari-Boateng 2021). Other assessments have been made of the turbine controller characteristics Menck, Stammler, and Schleich 2020;Stammler et al 2020) and stiffening plates (Loriemi et al 2020).…”

Section: Pitch Bearing Reliability Research and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rating of a Pitch Bearing for a 1.5-Megawatt Wind Turbine

Keller

Guo

2022

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Measurements and modeling of friction torque of wind turbine blade bearings

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental Investigations on Wear in Oscillating Grease-Lubricated Rolling Element Bearings of Different Size and Type

Experimental Investigations on Wear in Oscillating Grease-Lubricated Rolling Element Bearings of Different Size and Type

The effect of site-specific wind conditions and individual pitch control on wear of blade bearings

Rating of a Pitch Bearing for a 1.5-Megawatt Wind Turbine

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