Measurements of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide and carbon disulfide in the western Atlantic boundary layer

Cooper, David J.; Saltzman, E. S.

doi:10.1007/bf00115777

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…DMS is produced by phytoplankton (Bates et al, 1992) and has been reported to exhibit a diurnal cycle of daytime minima and nighttime maxima (Warneke and de Gouw, 2001;Hayward et al, 2002) attributed to its continuous production by phytoplankton with daytime removal primarily by OH (Cooper and Saltzman, 1991). As noted in Sect.…”

Section: Marine Tracer -Dms ((Ch 3 ) 2 S M/z 63)mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…MEK has been observed to have biogenic sources (Kirstine et al, 1998;de Gouw et al, 1999), and it is expected to be produced in the atmosphere from the oxidation of butane and higher hydrocarbons (de Gouw et al, 2003a). MEK was observed to constitute 45-50% of the VOC emissions from clover pastures in Australia (followed by methanol (15-33%) and acetone (13-23%), Kirstine et al, 1998).…”

Section: Ovocs -Mek (Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term study of VOCs measured with PTR-MS at a rural site in New Hampshire with urban influences

et al. 2009

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Abstract.A long-term, high time-resolution volatile organic compound (VOC) data set from a ground site that experiences urban, rural, and marine influences in the Northeastern United States is presented. A proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) was used to quantify 15 VOCs: a marine tracer dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a biomass burning tracer acetonitrile, biogenic compounds (monoterpenes, isoprene), oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs: methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) plus methacrolein (MACR), methanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), acetaldehyde, and acetic acid), and aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, C 8 and C 9 aromatics). Time series, overall and seasonal medians, with 10th and 90th percentiles, seasonal mean diurnal profiles, and inter-annual comparisons of mean summer and winter diurnal profiles are shown. Methanol and acetone exhibit the highest overall median mixing ratios 1.44 and 1.02 ppbv, respectively. Comparing the mean diurnal profiles of less well understood compounds (e.g., MEK) with better known compounds (e.g., isoprene, monoterpenes, and MVK + MACR) that undergo various controls on their atmospheric mixing ratios provides insight into possible sources of the lesser known compounds. The constant diurnal value of ∼0.7 for the toluene:benzene ratio in winter, may possibly indicate the influence of wood-based heating systems in this region. Methanol exhibits an initial early morning release in summer unlike any other OVOC (or isoprene) and a dramatic late afternoon mixing ratio increase in spring. Although several of the OVOCs appear to have biogenic sources, differences in features observed between isoprene, methanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, and MEK suggest they are produced or emitted in unique ways.

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Section: Marine Tracer -Dms ((Ch 3 ) 2 S M/z 63)mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Ovocs -Mek (Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term study of VOCs measured with PTR-MS at a rural site in New Hampshire with urban influences

et al. 2009

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“…Comparing the various oxidant scrubbers, Kittler co-workers 14 found the KI/glycerol/Vitrex filter to be superior to the scrubbers using KOH, NaOH, MnO 2 and Na 2 CO 3 . Other methods have included neutral aqueous potassium iodide 21 , ferrous sulfate 22 and 100% cotton wadding in combination with a Nafion drier 23 . Although much work has been done on the analysis of organic sulfides, the nature of the oxidant interference remains largely unknown.…”

Section: ) 2 S (Dms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the use of oxidant scrubbers for elimination of interferences due to nitrogen dioxide in analysis of atmospheric dimethylsulfide

Rodrigues¹,

Cardoso²

2000

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho foi avaliado o desempenho de filtros para dióxido de nitrogênio, buscando evitar perdas durante a amostragem de sulfetos orgânicos, provocadas por oxidantes atmosféricos. Diferentes compostos e misturas foram usadas para recobrir superfícies sólidas empregadas na preparação destes filtros. Um sistema automatizado de análise em fluxo foi utilizado para comparar a eficiência de retenção de dióxido de nitrogênio pelos filtros. Entre os materiais testados na preparação dos filtros, as melhores escolhas foram papel ou lã de vidro impregnados com a mistura de sulfato de ferro (II), ácido sulfúrico e ácido pirogalico e ainda os filtros feitos de papel impregnados com trietanolamina. Os resultados obtidos em laboratório com mistura de gás padrão de dimetilsulfeto e experimentos em campo confirmaram a qualidade dos filtros e indicaram que eles podem ser utilizados para evitar a oxidação de sulfetos orgânicos durante a sua amostragem.In this work, oxidant scrubbers were evaluated for their ability to prevent sampling losses of dimethylsulfide caused by reactions with nitrogen dioxide. Various compounds and mixtures were used in the preparation of the oxidant scrubbers. An automatic flow analysis device was used to compare scrubbing efficiency for nitrogen dioxide. Among the scrubbers tested, the best were shown to be the one made with filter paper or glass wool coated with iron (II) sulfate, sulfuric acid and pyrogallic acid, and the one made from with paper coated with triethanolamine. The results obtained under laboratory conditions, using dimethylsulfide standard gas, and in field experiments confirmed that these scrubbers are suitable for the prevention of oxidation during sampling.

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“…In previous analyses with specified vertical mixing, the sea-air exchange rate and daytime removal rate have been calculated by running a model to obtain the best fit to the observed diurnal variation (Saltzman and Cooper, 1989;Cooper and Saltzman, 1991;Saltzman etal., in press). In all cases, the diurnal variation of DMS was apparent only after 'binning' the data from an entire study.…”

Section: 20 O0mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even so, this variation is often not clearly defined in the raw data, and can only be resolved through mathematically eliminating the short term variability. This procedure involves sorting measurements made over several days into a single diel period and calculating averages of data 'binned' into a number of time intervals through the day (Andreae et al, 1985;Berresheim, 1987;Saltzman and Cooper, 1988;Cooper and Saltzman, 1991). The diurnal variation in DMS that becomes evident after this treatment is a key indicator of the nature of the data set, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of hydroxyl radical concentrations in the marine atmospheric boundary layer using a reactive atmospheric tracer

Cooper

1996

J Atmos Chem

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Hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer over a number of remote ocean locations are calculated from the measured diurnal variation in atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMS). By using averaged DMS data sets from extended periods, the calculation yields OH concentrations averaged over ~riods from several days to weeks. These average OH concentrations range from 7 x 105 to 2.9 x 10 6 molecules cm -3, corresponding to midday maxima of 3 to 12 x 10 6 molecules cm -3. The lowest values correspond to studies with the lowest light intensity (Antarctic summer and South Atlantic winter), and the highest values to regions with probable anthropogenic influence. In addition to the long term averages, daily average OH levels can be calculated for most days in a two week period from a cruise in the tropical eastern Pacific. These calculations are in good argeement with global average OH levels derived from other tracers, and are consistent with model OH calculations when allowance is made for variation in ambient ozone levels between the studies. Estimates of gas exchange made from the diurnal variation of DMS suggest that either the gas exchange coefficient of DMS or the boundary layer mixing depth may have been overestimated in past analyses.

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Measurements of atmospheric dimethyl sulfide and carbon disulfide in the western Atlantic boundary layer

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Long-term study of VOCs measured with PTR-MS at a rural site in New Hampshire with urban influences

Long-term study of VOCs measured with PTR-MS at a rural site in New Hampshire with urban influences

Study on the use of oxidant scrubbers for elimination of interferences due to nitrogen dioxide in analysis of atmospheric dimethylsulfide

Estimation of hydroxyl radical concentrations in the marine atmospheric boundary layer using a reactive atmospheric tracer

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