Measurements of gamma-ray background radiation in Pyhäsalmi mine

Pohuliai, S.; Sokolov, А. D.; Gostilo, V.; Joutsenvaara, Jari; Puputti, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109166

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…deep underground infrastructure, with the possibility to excavate and equip new underground tunnels and galleries, also at hundred-meter scales [25]. To support the scientific activities, Callio Lab staff can operate in many roles: facilitator of experiments [19,26], onsite operator of scientific instruments [27,28], or developer of needed infrastructure [29]in cooperation with the Pyhäjärven Callio [30].…”

Section: Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Callio lab: an underground and above ground,laboratory—overview and prospects for high energy and applied physics

Joutsenvaara,

Puputti,

Holma

et al. 2024

Front. Phys.

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This overview provides a comprehensive insight into Callio Lab, a versatile multidisciplinary research platform, by describing the events and actions that have led to the development of the project-based, pay-by-service approach to organizing and economically running the research activities, a mandatory approach for a platform operating without governmental funding. The research platform has a maximum depth of 1.4 km underground, equivalent to approximately 4,100 m of water equivalent (m.w.e.). The flat-overburden mine configuration of Callio Lab minimizes cosmic-ray background interference, making it an ideal setting for low-background experiments, particularly in neutrino and dark matter research. The main-level galleries, with dimensions up to 12 m wide, 30–40 m long, and 8 m tall, provide ample space for research activities, with the potential for even more extensive galleries based on Laguna design studies. Callio Lab has a history with several small and medium-scale cosmic ray and low-background experiments. This overview highlights the site’s inherent characteristics, revealing promising opportunities for high-energy and applied physics research and applications across various scientific domains.

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Section: Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference is attributed to local geology and construction materials variations, as Lab 5's area was built earlier than Lab 2. Table 1 details the radionuclide activities in the materials of both labs [27,28]. Figure 9 shows the HPGe detector measured GRB from Lab 2.…”

Section: Natural Background Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Callio lab: an underground and above ground,laboratory—overview and prospects for high energy and applied physics

Joutsenvaara,

Puputti,

Holma

et al. 2024

Front. Phys.

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“…Fresh air is provided from above ground through the ventilation system at rates of up to 130 m 3 /h. Radon levels vary from 20 Bq/m 3 to 300 Bq/m 3 depending on location and ventilation [12,13]. The muon flux was measured at different depths during the CUPP-era, resulting in a maximum m.w.e.…”

Section: Pos(taup2023)308mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive site characterisations have been done during previous Callio Lab projects, including natural background radiation characterisation, as well as, technical and organisational characterisations. Available data sets include neutron and gamma flux, gamma ray background [12,13], radioisotope content in rock and water, and 3D point clouds [14]. And as mentioned previously, the LAGUNA LBNO site investigations are available on request.…”

Section: Pos(taup2023)308mentioning

confidence: 99%

To Callio Lab and beyond – update on the deep underground research centre in Finland.

Puputti,

Joutsenvaara,

Kotavaara

2023

Proceedings of XVIII International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics — PoS(TAUP2023)

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Underground physics has been conducted at the Pyhäsalmi mine in Finland for over 20 years and it was one of the sites in FP7 LAGUNA and LAGUNA LBNO design studies. In 2015, the University of Oulu established the Callio Lab multidisciplinary research centre, which began coordinating scientific activities on-site. Since then, they have hosted and conducted research in disciplines ranging from particle physics and geosciences to underground food production and remote sensing. The operating environment would also suit studies in circular economy and space and planetary sciences, which are being explored by the Callio SpaceLab initiative. Together with the easy tunnel and elevator access, low seismicity, which has been observed to decrease dramatically since the conclusion of underground extraction, and the flat 1.43 km overburden (~4100 m.w.e.), the site is a potential candidate for future physics experiments. Callio Lab is a founding member of the European Underground Laboratories Association, a member of the DULIA network, and an EPOS and national FIN-EPOS research infrastructure. Underground mining ended in 2022 and re-purposing of the mine by the Pyhäjärvi town-owned CALLIO -Mine for Business concept is ongoing.

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“…The main underground laboratories in Callio Lab, sorted by depth, are: Lab 1 where the EMMA experiment on cosmic-ray muons is being conducted; Lab 4 used for underground production of plants; Lab 3 used for underground information modelling; and Lab 2 and Lab 5 where the researches in the field of elementary particle physics requiring a low cosmic background are conducted (Joutsenvaara, 2019;FQ, unpublished data, 2020;Pohuliai et al, 2020). Ventilation in Lab 1 is gravitational, while in Lab 2, Lab 3, and Lab 5 mechanical (10-20 m 3 s −1 ), and in Lab 4 additionally controlled by temperature and gas content (FQ, unpublished data, 2020).…”

Section: Callio Lab Finlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the natural radioactivity of the underground laboratories in the Baltic Sea Region participating in the BSUIN and EUL projects

Szkliniarz

2022

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. Underground laboratories (ULs) offer more and more opportunities for their usage. Still, one of the most critical parameters describing ULs is their natural radioactivity. Therefore, the article compares the six ULs of the BSUIN (Baltic Sea Underground Innovation Network) and EUL (Empowering Underground Laboratories Network Usage) projects regarding their natural radioactivity. Measurements include in situ and laboratory analysis of the collected rock and water samples, using various nuclear spectrometry techniques. The lowest level of natural radioactivity characterizes salt deposit is in the Conceptual Lab development co-ordinated by KGHM Cuprum R&D centre.

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Measurements of gamma-ray background radiation in Pyhäsalmi mine

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Callio lab: an underground and above ground,laboratory—overview and prospects for high energy and applied physics

Callio lab: an underground and above ground,laboratory—overview and prospects for high energy and applied physics

To Callio Lab and beyond – update on the deep underground research centre in Finland.

Characteristics of the natural radioactivity of the underground laboratories in the Baltic Sea Region participating in the BSUIN and EUL projects

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