Measurements of general relativistic effects in the binary pulsar PSR1913 + 16

Taylor, J. H.; Fowler, L. A.; McCulloch, P. M.

doi:10.1038/277437a0

Cited by 434 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The Hamiltonian can be derived from the Lagrangian through a Legendre transformation. It reads 12) where the second term on the right hand side is the usual ADM energy.…”

Section: Direct Integration Of the Relaxed Einstein Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results cleared the way for Joseph Weber [10] to start pioneering experimental efforts. The discovery of the Hulse-Taylor binary [11], a system of two neutron stars in orbit around each other, led to the first observational evidence for the existence of gravitational radiation [12][13][14]. The loss of energy and angular momentum to GWs causes the two stars in this system to slowly spiral in towards each other.…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sources of Gravitational Waves: Theory and Observations

Buonanno

Sathyaprakash²

2015

General Relativity and Gravitation

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“…The Hamiltonian can be derived from the Lagrangian through a Legendre transformation. It reads 12) where the second term on the right hand side is the usual ADM energy.…”

Section: Direct Integration Of the Relaxed Einstein Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Gravitational Waves: Theory and Observations

Buonanno

Sathyaprakash²

2015

General Relativity and Gravitation

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“…This represents the culmination of a century-long effort that started with Einstein's original descriptions of gravitational waves [2,3] and continued with the demonstration that close binaries with two neutron stars spiral together at the rate predicted by general relativity [4,5,6]. It also represents the beginning of what is expected to be an exploration of a new window to the universe, through which we can see extreme and previously invisible events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the gravitational wave event GW150914

Miller

2016

Gen Relativ Gravit

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The era of gravitational-wave astronomy began on 14 September 2015, when the LIGO Scientific Collaboration detected the merger of two ∼ 30 M ⊙ black holes at a distance of ∼ 400 Mpc. This event has facilitated qualitatively new tests of gravitational theories, and has also produced exciting information about the astrophysical origin of black hole binaries. In this review we discuss the implications of this event for gravitational physics and astrophysics, as well as the expectations for future detections. In brief: (1) because the spins of the black holes could not be measured accurately and because mergers are not well calculated for modified theories of gravity, the current analysis of GW150914 does not place strong constraints on gravity variants that change only the generation of gravitational waves, but (2) it does strongly constrain alterations of the propagation of gravitational waves and alternatives to black holes. Finally, (3) many astrophysical models for the origin of heavy black hole binaries such as the GW150914 system are in play, but a reasonably robust conclusion that was reached even prior to the detection is that the environment of such systems needs to have a relatively low abundance of elements heavier than helium.

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“…Pulsar astronomers have been continually improving their instrumentation and timing methodologies in order to measure quantities with astounding precision [19,20,21] to reveal more and more subtle effects that allow physical constraints to be derived about their binary hosts. These measurements, and the growing millisecond pulsar (MSP) population have helped theorists de-velop models to understand binary evolution and the nature of supernovae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curious properties of the recycled pulsars and the potential of high precision timing

Bailes

2010

New Astronomy Reviews

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Binary and Millisecond pulsars have a great deal to teach us about stellar evolution and are invaluable tools for tests of relativistic theories of gravity. Our understanding of these objects has been transformed by large-scale surveys that have uncovered a great deal of new objects, exquisitely timed by ever-improving instrumentation. Here we argue that there exists a fundamental relation between the spin period of a pulsar and its companion mass, and that this determines many of the observable properties of a binary pulsar. No recycled pulsars exist in which the minimum companion mass exceeds (P/10 ms) M ⊙ . Furthermore, the three fastest disk millisecond pulsars are either single, or possess extremely low-mass companions (M c ∼ 0.02M ⊙ ), consistent with this relation. Finally, the four relativistic binaries for which we have actual measurements of neutron star masses, suggest that not only are their spin periods related to the companion neutron star mass, but that the kick imparted to the system depends upon it too, leading to a correlation between orbital eccentricity and spin period. The isolation of the relativistic binary pulsars in the magnetic field-period diagram is used to argue that this must be because the kicks imparted to proto-relativistic systems are usually small, leading to very few if any isolated runaway mildly-recycled pulsars. This calls into question the magnitude of supernova kicks in close binaries, which have been usually assumed to be similar to those imparted to the bulk of the pulsar population. Finally, we review some of the highlights of the Parkes precision timing efforts, which suggest 10 nanosecond timing is obtainable on PSR J1909-3744 that will aid us in searching for cosmological sources of gravitational waves.

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Measurements of general relativistic effects in the binary pulsar PSR1913 + 16

Cited by 434 publications

References 17 publications

Sources of Gravitational Waves: Theory and Observations

Sources of Gravitational Waves: Theory and Observations

Implications of the gravitational wave event GW150914

Curious properties of the recycled pulsars and the potential of high precision timing

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