Measurements of Hydrogen Thermal Conductivity at High Pressure and High Temperature

Abstract

The thermal conductivity for normal hydrogen gas was measured in the range of temperatures from 323 K to 773 K at pressures up to 99 MPa using the transient short hot-wire method. The single-wire platinum probes had wire lengths of 10 mm to 15 mm with a nominal diameter of 10 µm. The volume-averaged transient temperature rise of the wire was calculated using a two-dimensional numerical solution to the unsteady heat conduction equation. A non-linear least-squares fitting procedure was employed to obtain the values of the thermal conductivity required for agreement between the measured temperature rise and the calculation. The experimental uncertainty in the thermal-conductivity measurements was estimated to be 2.2 % (k = 2). An existing thermal-conductivity equation of state was modified to include the expanded range of conditions covered in the present study. The new correlation is

Gaseous transport properties of hydrogen, deuterium and their binary mixtures fromab initiopotential

“…In Figure 2, the best experimental thermal conductivity data for hydrogen [4,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], suggested in Reference [5], are compared with the theoretically There are only two papers containing the experimental self-diffusion coefficient data of hydrogen [41,42], which are compared with the theoretically calculated values in Figure 3. Dunlop et al [41] utilized a high-precision Loschmidt cell to measure selfdiffusion coefficient data, which resulted in deviations within only þ0.6% from the results of this work.…”

“…Since 2007, Leachman et al have developed several equations of state to evaluate the thermodynamic properties of hydrogen and deuterium [1,2]. In the Takata's group, extensive sets of new experimental data have been reported on the viscosity and thermal conductivity of hydrogen in large ranges of temperature and pressure [3,4]. In 2011, Assael and his co-workers developed a wide-ranging correlation for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen, which extended to higher temperatures than the existing correlations [5].…”

Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Normal and Parahydrogen from the Triple Point to 1000 K and up to 100 MPa

“…In 1990, McCarty 18 extended the correlations to pressures up to 120 MPa, and these coefficients were used in the NIST12 (MIPROPS) database 19 and later incorporated directly into the REFPROP database 20 (and also the NIST Chemistry Webbook 21 ) that currently provide recommended values for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen and parahydrogen. Most recently, Moroe et al 6 provided a new correlation that is applicable up to 100 MPa and 773 K. However, it is not recommended for temperatures below 78 K; therefore, in this work we will compare our results to the wide-ranging correlations developed by McCarty 18,19 that have been incorporated into REFPROP. 20 It should finally be noted that "normal" hydrogen is 75% orthohydrogen with 25% parahydrogen and is the equilibrium composition at room temperature and above.…”

“…3 Most recently, Sakoda and coworkers 4 reviewed the thermodynamic properties and the existing equations of state, concluding that the equation of state of Leachman et al 3 was presently the most appropriate to use for an accurate representation of the thermodynamic properties of hydrogen and parahydrogen. In this work, we develop new, wide-ranging correlations for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen and parahydrogen, which incorporate densities from the new equations of state, 3 and also consider new experimental 5,6 and theoretical 7 data that allow the range of validity of the correlation to extend to higher temperatures than previous correlations, as recommended in Ref. 2. There are several publications in the literature that present correlations or tables of recommended values for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen and parahydrogen.…”

“…2. There are several publications in the literature that present correlations or tables of recommended values for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen and parahydrogen. 6,[8][9][10][11][12] McCarty and Weber 12 presented tables for the thermal conductivity of parahydrogen valid over the temperature range from the freezing line to 2778 K (5000 R) and pressures to 68.9 MPa (10 000 psia). For temperatures below 100 K, the values are based on the experimental data of Roder and Diller.…”