Measurements of O3, H2O and ClO in the Middle Atmosphere Using the Millimeter‐Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS)

Hartmann, G. K.; Bevilacqua, R. M.; Schwartz, P. R.; Kämpfer, Niklaus; Künzi, K.; Aellig, C. P.; Berg, Aaron; Boogaerts, W.; Connor, B. J.; Croskey, C. L.; Daehler, Mark; Degenhardt, W.; Dicken, H.-D.; Goldizen, D.; Kriebel, David L.; Langen, J.; Loidl, A.; Olivero, J. J.; Pauls, T.; Puliafito, Salvador Enrique; Richards, Michael; Rudian, C.; Tsou, J. J.; Waltman, W. B.; Umlauft, G.; Zwick, R.

doi:10.1029/96gl01475

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We note, furthermore, that in the middle and upper stratosphere the ozone mixing ratio is minimum at the pole and maximum at its tropical source region [Hartmann et al, 1996]. Ozone in the middle stratosphere is hence negatively correlated with PV.…”

Section: Identification Of Extreme Eventsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…It is these episodes which will be analyzed in the following sections. Under the assumption of adiabatic, frictionless motion, P is conserved on isentropic surfaces and can be used as a diagnostic tool for transport processes in the stratosphere [Hoskins et al, 1985] We note, furthermore, that in the middle and upper stratosphere the ozone mixing ratio is minimum at the pole and maximum at its tropical source region [Hartmann et al, 1996]. Ozone in the middle stratosphere is hence negatively correlated with PV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Midstratospheric ozone variability over Bern related to planetary wave activity during the winters 1994–1995 to 1998–1999

Calisesi¹,

Wernli²,

Kämpfer³

2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Section: Identification Of Extreme Eventsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Midstratospheric ozone variability over Bern related to planetary wave activity during the winters 1994–1995 to 1998–1999

Calisesi¹,

Wernli²,

Kämpfer³

2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…In the upper stratosphere, it can comprise close to 20% of Cl TOT . Since the signal‐to‐noise ratio for ClO in ACE‐FTS spectra is usually very low, most of the ClO measurements used in this work are from the submillimeter receiver (SMR) [ Urban et al , 2005] on the Odin satellite [ Murtagh et al , 2002], just as Zander et al [1996] used ClO measurements from the Millimeter‐wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) [ Hartmann et al , 1996; Aellig et al , 1996] for the ATMOS chlorine budget. Version 1.2 SMR ClO profiles were obtained for the period of February 2004 to January 2005 inclusive, to match the temporal range of the ACE‐FTS measurements.…”

Section: Ace‐fts Measurements Of Chlorine‐containing Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global inventory of stratospheric chlorine in 2004

Nassar¹,

Bernath²,

Boone³

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

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Total chlorine (ClTOT) in the stratosphere has been determined using the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) measurements of HCl, ClONO₂, CH₃Cl, Ccl₄, Ccl₃F (CFC-11), Ccl₂F₂ (CFC-12), CHClF₂ (HCFC-22), Ccl₂FCClF₂ (CFC-113), CH₃CClF₂ (HCFC-142b), COClF, and ClO supplemented by data from several other sources, including both measurements and models. Separate chlorine inventories were carried out in five latitude zones (60°–82°N, 30°–60°N, 30°S–30°N, 30°–60°S, and 60°–82°S), averaging the period of February 2004 to January 2005 inclusive, when possible, to deal with seasonal variations. The effect of diurnal variation was avoided by only using measurements taken at local sunset. Mean stratospheric ClTOT values of 3.65 ppbv were determined for both the northern and southern midlatitudes (with an estimated 1σ accuracy of ±0.13 ppbv and a precision of ±0.09 ppbv), accompanied by a slightly lower value in the tropics and slightly higher values at high latitudes. Stratospheric ClTOT profiles in all five latitude zones are nearly linear with a slight positive slope in ppbv/km. Both the observed slopes and pattern of latitudinal variation can be interpreted as evidence of the beginning of a decline in global stratospheric chlorine, which is qualitatively consistent with the mean stratospheric circulation pattern and time lag necessary for transport

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“…Two instruments of this type are the Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) [Waters et al, 1999] and the Millimeter Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) [Hartmann et al, 1996]. Recently, instruments have moved toward higher frequencies into the submillimeter-wave region; examples of this type of instrument are Odin-SMR [Murtagh et al, 2002] and the Superconduction Submillimeter-Wave Limb Emission Sounder (SMILES) (S. A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A polarized discrete ordinate scattering model for simulations of limb and nadir long‐wave measurements in 1‐D/3‐D spherical atmospheres

et al. 2004

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[1] This article describes one of the scattering algorithms of the three-dimensional polarized radiative transfer model ARTS (Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator) which has been implemented to study for example the influence of cirrus clouds on microwave limb sounding. The model uses the DOIT (Discrete Ordinate Iterative) method to solve the vector radiative transfer equation. The implementation of a discrete ordinate method is challenging due to the spherical geometry of the model atmosphere which is required for the simulation of limb radiances. The involved numerical issues, which are grid optimization and interpolation methods, are discussed in this paper. Scattering simulations are presented for limb-and down-looking geometries, for one-dimensional and three-dimensional spherical atmospheres. They show the impact of cloud particle size, shape, and orientation on the brightness temperatures and on the polarization of microwave radiation in the atmosphere. The cloud effect is much larger for limb radiances than for nadir radiances. Particle size is a very important parameter in all simulations. The polarization signal is negligible for simulations with completely randomly oriented particles, whereas for horizontally aligned particles with random azimuthal orientation the polarization signal is significant. Moreover, the effect of particle shape is only relevant for oriented cloud particles. The simulations show that it is essential to use a threedimensional scattering model for inhomogeneous cloud layers.

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Measurements of O₃, H₂O and ClO in the Middle Atmosphere Using the Millimeter‐Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS)

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Midstratospheric ozone variability over Bern related to planetary wave activity during the winters 1994–1995 to 1998–1999

Midstratospheric ozone variability over Bern related to planetary wave activity during the winters 1994–1995 to 1998–1999

A global inventory of stratospheric chlorine in 2004

A polarized discrete ordinate scattering model for simulations of limb and nadir long‐wave measurements in 1‐D/3‐D spherical atmospheres

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