Measurements of landscape‐scale fluxes of carbon dioxide in the Peruvian Amazon by vertical profiling through the atmospheric boundary layer

Kuck, Laura R.; Smith, Tyrell; Balsley, B. B.; Helmig, Detlev; Tans, Pieter P.; Davis, K. J.; Jensen, Mark J.; Bognar, John; Arrieta, Rosaura Vazquez; Rodriquez, Rodolfo; Birks, John W.

doi:10.1029/2000jd900105

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in reasonable agreement with other recent estimates for moist tropical forests in the Amazon basin (Grace et al, 1995;Kuck et al, 2000) but is ca. a factor of 3 lower than the annual net flux found by Malhi et al (1998).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

Geron

Guenther

Greenberg

et al. 2002

Atmospheric Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Twenty common plant species were screened for emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) at a lowland tropical wet forest site in Costa Rica. Ten of the species examined emitted substantial quantities of isoprene. These species accounted for 35-50% of the total basal area of old-growth forest on the major edaphic site types, indicating that a high proportion of the canopy leaf area is a source of isoprene. A limited number of canopy-level BVOC flux measurements were also collected by relaxed eddy accumulation (REA). These measurements verify that the forest canopy in this region is indeed a significant source of isoprene. In addition, REA fluxes of methanol and especially acetone were also significant, exceeding model estimates and warranting future investigation at this site. Leaf monoterpene emissions were non-detectable or very low from the species surveyed, and ambient concentrations and REA fluxes likewise were very low. Although the isoprene emission rates reported here are largely consistent with phylogenetic relations found in other studies (at the family, genus, and species levels), two species in the family Mimosaceae, a group previously found to consist largely of non-isoprene emitters, emitted significant quantities of isoprene. One of these, Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze, is by far the most abundant canopy tree species in the forests of this area, composing 30-40% of the total basal area. The other, Zygia longifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Britton & Rose is a common riparian species. Our results suggest that the source strength of BVOCs is important not only to tropical atmospheric chemistry, but also may be important in determining net ecosystem carbon exchange. Published by

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 93%

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

Geron

Guenther

Greenberg

et al. 2002

Atmospheric Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[40] Similar observations have been used to calculate regional CO 2 uptake with a boundary layer budget method by assuming horizontal advection of tracers into the atmospheric column to be small [Denmead et al, 1996;Kuck et al, 2000;Levy et al, 1999;Lloyd et al, 2001], essentially assuming that upstream regions influencing the observations are identical in both the morning and the afternoon, with the tracer decrease reflecting daytime uptake by that same upstream region. The boundary layer budget can be understood from a receptor-oriented perspective by integrating equation (3) vertically to the top of a column and treating C as the vertically integrated column tracer amount.…”

Section: Application Of Stilt To Atmosphericmentioning

confidence: 99%

A near‐field tool for simulating the upstream influence of atmospheric observations: The Stochastic Time‐Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] We introduce a tool to determine surface fluxes from atmospheric concentration data in the midst of distributed sources or sinks over land, the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model, and illustrate the use of the tool with CO 2 data over North America. Anthropogenic and biogenic emissions of trace gases at the surface cause large variations of atmospheric concentrations in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) from the ''near field,'' where upstream sources and sinks have strong influence on observations. Transport in the near field often takes place on scales not resolved by typical grid sizes in transport models. STILT provides the capability to represent near-field influences, transforming this noise to signal useful in diagnosing surface emissions. The model simulates transport by following the time evolution of a particle ensemble, interpolating meteorological fields to the subgrid scale location of each particle. Turbulent motions are represented by a Markov chain process. Significant computational savings are realized because the influence of upstream emissions at different times is modeled using a single particle simulation backward in time, starting at the receptor and sampling only the portion of the domain that influences the observations. We assess in detail the physical and numerical requirements of STILT and other particle models necessary to avoid inconsistencies and to preserve time symmetry (reversibility). We show that source regions derived from backward and forward time simulations in STILT are similar, and we show that deviations may be attributed to violation of mass conservation in currently available analyzed meterological fields. Using concepts from information theory, we show that the particle approach can provide significant gains in information compared to conventional gridcell models, principally during the first hours of transport backward in time, when PBL observations are strongly affected by surface sources and sinks.

show abstract

“…As it is chemically inert, its distribution is influenced by transport processes and through the spatial and temporal variability of both natural and anthropogenic surface fluxes. Seasonal and geographical trends and gradients are evident, not only at the surface but also within the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, typically with an observed variability of about 1-20 ppmv (Nakazawa et al, 1991(Nakazawa et al, , 1992Conway et al, 1994;Anderson et al, 1996;Nakazawa et al, 1997;Vay et al, 1999;Kuck et al, 2000;Levin et al, 2002;Matsueda et al, 2002;Sidorov et al, 2002). That aside, total columns of CO 2 exhibit about only half the variability at the surface with the diurnal fluctuations rarely exceeding 1 ppmv (Olsen and Randerson, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> from space using Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Satellite measurements of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations are a rapidly evolving area of scientific research which can help reduce the uncertainties in the global carbon cycle fluxes and provide insight into surface sources and sinks. One of the emerging CO 2 measurement techniques is a relatively new retrieval algorithm called Weighting Function Modified Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (WFM-DOAS) that has been developed by Buchwitz et al. (2000). This algorithm is designed to measure the total columns of CO 2 (and other greenhouse gases) through the application to spectral measurements in the near infrared (NIR), made by the SCIAMACHY instrument on-board EN-VISAT. The algorithm itself is based on fitting the logarithm of a model reference spectrum and its derivatives to the logarithm of the ratio of a measured nadir radiance and solar irradiance spectrum. In this work, a detailed error assessment of this technique has been conducted and it has been found necessary to include suitable a priori information within the retrieval in order to minimize the errors on the retrieved CO 2 columns. Hence, a more flexible implementation of the retrieval technique, called Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS, has been developed which generates a reference spectrum for each individual SCIAMACHY observation using the estimated properties of the atmosphere and surface at the time of the measurement. Initial retrievals over Siberia during the summer of 2003 show that the measured CO 2 columns are not biased from the input a priori data and that whilst the monthly averaged CO 2 distributions contain a high degree of variability, they also contain interesting spatial features.

show abstract

Measurements of landscape‐scale fluxes of carbon dioxide in the Peruvian Amazon by vertical profiling through the atmospheric boundary layer

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

A near‐field tool for simulating the upstream influence of atmospheric observations: The Stochastic Time‐Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model

Measuring atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> from space using Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Measurements of landscape‐scale fluxes of carbon dioxide in the Peruvian Amazon by vertical profiling through the atmospheric boundary layer

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica

A near‐field tool for simulating the upstream influence of atmospheric observations: The Stochastic Time‐Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model

Measuring atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from space using Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Measuring atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> from space using Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS