Measurements of neutron fluence from the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb.

Kato, Kazúo; Habara, Minoru; Aoyama, Tetsuhisa; Yoshizawa, Yasukazu; Biebel, Ulrich; Haberstock, Günther; Heinzl, J.; Korschinek, G.; Morinaga, H.; Nolte, E.

doi:10.1269/jrr.29.261

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Various radionuclides produced by neutron activation were detected. 60 Co, 152 Eu, and 154 Eu were measured by gamma-spectroscopy [60,69,70]. In this gravestone, two further radioisotopes, 36 Cl and 41 Ca with half-lives of 3 · 10 5 years and 10 5 years, respectively, could be determined for the first time [65,[71][72][73].…”

Section: Developments After the Release Of Ds86mentioning

confidence: 95%

The dosimetry system DS86 and the neutron discrepancy in Hiroshima - historical review, present status, and future options

Rühm¹,

Kellerer²,

Korschinek

et al. 1998

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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The historical development of the dosimetry systems for Hiroshima and Nagasaki is outlined from the time immediately after the A-bomb explosions to the publication of the dosimetry system DS86 in 1987, and the present status of the so-called Hiroshima neutron discrepancy is summarized. Several long-lived radionuclides are discussed with regard to their production by neutrons from the A-bomb explosions. With the exception of 63Ni, these radionuclides have not, up to now, been measured in samples from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Two of them, 63Ni in copper samples and 39Ar in granite samples, were predominantly produced by fast neutrons. 63Ni can be determined by accelerator mass spectrometry with a gas-filled analyzing magnet. It should be measurable, in the near future, in copper samples up to 1500 m from the hypocenter in Hiroshima. 39Ar can be measured in terms of low-level beta-counting. This should be feasible up to a distance of about 1000 m from the hypocenter. Three radionuclides, 10Be, 14C, and 59Ni, were produced predominantly by thermal neutrons with smaller fractions due to the epithermal and fast neutrons, which contribute increasingly more at larger distances from the hypocenter. State-of-the-art accelerator mass spectrometry is likely to permit the determination of 10Be close to the hypocenter and of 14C up to a distance of about 1000 m. 59Ni should be detectable up to a distance of about 1000 m in terms of accelerator mass spectrometry with a gas-filled magnet. The measurements of 10Be, 14C, 39Ar, 59Ni -- and potentially of 131Xe -- can be performed in the same granitic sample that was already analyzed for 36Cl, 41Ca, 6Co, 152Eu, and 154Eu. This will provide extensive information on the neutron spectrum at the specified location, and similarly complete analyses can conceivably be performed on granite samples at other locations.

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Section: Developments After the Release Of Ds86mentioning

confidence: 95%

The dosimetry system DS86 and the neutron discrepancy in Hiroshima - historical review, present status, and future options

Rühm¹,

Kellerer²,

Korschinek

et al. 1998

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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“…A collaboration between scientists at Hiroshima University and the Technical University of Munich, using the Munich AMS facility, resulted in the measurement of the 36 Cl to chlorine ratio (and thus the slow neutron fluence) in a granite gravestone 107 m from the hypocenter (slant range of 590 m) of the Hiroshima explosion (Kato et al 1988). Although the measurement is interesting it gives no clues about the effect of such neutron doses on humans since everyone at that distance from the explosion died instantly from blast and heat.…”

Section: The Atomic Bombing Of Hiroshimamentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Comments on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Gove¹

2000

Radiocarbon

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This paper discusses some aspects of the development of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), the international conferences that have been held, and the books that have been written on the subject. It also mentions some details of the technique and its strengths. Some of the interesting measurements that have been made recently are covered, and finally, it presents some thoughts on future developments.

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