Measurements of particulate sugars at urban and forested suburban sites

Tominaga, Sae; Matsumoto, Kiyoshi; Kaneyasu, Naoki; Shigihara, Ado; Katono, Koichi; Igawa, Manabu

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.056

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…8a) relative to what was found both in the nascent particles and in general for the sub-micrometer aerosol collected during PI-drift, Fig. 8b, (41 % on average), indicated that the air masses sampled onboard ship had likely been in contact with continental 5 combustion sources (Carvalho et al, 2003;Tominaga et al, 2011). Based on the hexose fingerprint we speculate that the surface air that mixed with the upper part of the boundary layer (discussed in Sect.…”

Section: Changes Over the Four Regimesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Size resolved airborne particulate polysaccharides in summer high Arctic

Leck¹,

Gao²,

Rad³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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Size-resolved aerosol samples for subsequent determination of polysaccharides (monosaccharides in combined form) were collected in air over the central Arctic Ocean during the biologically most active period between the late summer melt season and into the transition to autumn freeze-up. The analysis was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled with highly selective and sensitive tandem mass spectrometry. Polysaccharides were detected in all sizes ranging from 0.035 to 10 μm in diameter with distinct features of heteropolysaccharides, enriched in xylose, glucose + mannose as well as a substantial fraction of deoxysugars. Polysaccharides containing deoxysugars showed a bimodal structure with about 60% of their mass found in the Aitken mode over the pack ice area. Pentose (xylose) and hexose (glucose + mannose) showed a weaker bimodal character and were largely found in the coarse mode in addition to a minor fraction apportioned in the sub-micrometer size range. The concentration of total hydrolysable neutral sugars (THNS) in the samples collected varied over 3 orders of magnitude (1 to 692 pmol m⁻³) in the super-micrometer size fraction and to a lesser extent in sub-micrometer particles (4 to 88 pmol m⁻³). Lowest THNS concentrations were observed in air masses that had spent more than 5 days over the pack ice. Within the pack ice area, about 53% (by mass) of the total mass of polysaccharides were found in sub-micrometer particles. The relative abundance of sub-micrometer polysaccharides was closely related to the length of time that the air mass spent over pack ice, with highest fraction (> 90%) observed for > 7 days of advection. The ambient aerosol particles collected onboard ship showed similar monosaccharide composition, compared to particles generated experimentally in situ at the open lead site. This supports the existence of a primary source of particulate polysaccharides from open leads by bubble bursting at the air-sea interface. We speculate that the presence of biogenic polysaccharides, due to their surface active and hygroscopic nature, could play a potential role as cloud condensation nuclei in the pristine high Arctic

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Section: Changes Over the Four Regimesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Size resolved airborne particulate polysaccharides in summer high Arctic

Leck¹,

Gao²,

Rad³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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show abstract

“…7a), relative to what was found both in the nascent particles and in general for the sub-micrometer aerosol collected during PI-drift ( Fig. 7b; 41 % on average), indicated that the air masses sampled onboard ship had likely been in contact with continental combustion sources (Carvalho et al, 2003;Tominaga et al, 2011): cellulose is the macro-polymer of glucose and will decompose to its monomer at temperatures above 300 • C. Glucose is therefore used as a tracer (among others) for combustion sources. As discussed in Sect.…”

Section: Changes Over the Four Regimesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Size-resolved atmospheric particulate polysaccharides in the high summer Arctic

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Size-resolved aerosol samples for subsequent quantitative determination of polymer sugars (polysaccharides) after hydrolysis to their subunit monomers (monosaccharides) were collected in surface air over the central Arctic Ocean during the biologically most active summer period. The analysis was carried out by novel use of liquid chromatography coupled with highly selective and sensitive tandem mass spectrometry. Polysaccharides were detected in particle sizes ranging from 0.035 to 10 µm in diameter with distinct features of heteropolysaccharides, enriched in xylose, glucose + mannose as well as a substantial fraction of deoxysugars. Polysaccharides, containing deoxysugar monomers, showed a bimodal size structure with about 70 % of their mass found in the Aitken mode over the pack ice area. Pentose (xylose) and hexose (glucose + mannose) had a weaker bimodal character and were largely found with super-micrometer sizes and in addition with a minor submicrometer fraction. The concentration of total hydrolysable neutral sugars (THNS) in the samples collected varied over two orders of magnitude (1 to 160 pmol m −3 ) in the supermicrometer size fraction and to a somewhat lesser extent in sub-micrometer particles (4 to 140 pmol m −3 ). Lowest THNS concentrations were observed in air masses that had spent more than five days over the pack ice. Within the pack ice area, about 53 % of the mass of hydrolyzed polysaccharides was detected in sub-micrometer particles. The relative abundance of sub-micrometer hydrolyzed polysaccharides could be related to the length of time that the air mass spent over pack ice, with the highest fraction (> 90 %) observed for > 7 days of advection. The aerosol samples collected onboard ship showed similar monosaccharide composition, compared to particles generated experimentally in situ at the expedition's open lead site. This supports the existence of a primary particle source of polysaccharide containing polymer gels from open leads by bubble bursting at the air-sea interface. We speculate that the occurrence of atmospheric surface-active polymer gels with their hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, promoting cloud droplet activation, could play a potential role as cloud condensation nuclei in the pristine high Arctic.

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“…Glucose and mannose have been detected in smoke from wood combustion ('wood smoke'; Engling et al, 2006). The presence of Glu/Man in fine mode particles has been related to the combustion of biomass (Nolte et al, 2001), whilst glucose in coarse mode particles is most probably from primary biological sources such as plant debris and pollen (Tominaga et al, 2011). Galactose has been detected in particles from soil biota (Simoneit et al, 2004), which would confirm the continental origin of this factor.…”

Section: 26mentioning

confidence: 88%

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

Karl¹,

Leck²,

Rad³

et al. 2019

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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In order to evaluate the potential impact of the Arctic anthropogenic emission sources it is essential to understand better the natural aerosol sources of the inner Arctic and the atmospheric processing of the aerosols during their transport in the Arctic atmosphere. A 1-year time series of chemically specific measurements of the sub-micrometre aerosol during 2015 has been taken at the Mt. Zeppelin observatory in the European Arctic. A source apportionment study combined measured molecular tracers as source markers, positive matrix factorization, analysis of the potential source distribution and auxiliary information from satellite data and ground-based observations. The annual average sub-micrometre mass was apportioned to regional background secondary sulphate (56%), sea spray (17%), biomass burning (15%), secondary nitrate (5.8%), secondary marine biogenic (4.5%), mixed combustion (1.6%), and two types of marine gel sources (together 0.7%). Secondary nitrate aerosol mainly contributed towards the end of summer and during autumn. During spring and summer, the secondary marine biogenic factor reached a contribution of up to 50% in some samples. The most likely origin of the mixed combustion source is due to oil and gas extraction activities in Eastern Siberia. The two marine polymer gel sources predominantly occurred in autumn and winter. The small contribution of the marine gel sources at Mt. Zeppelin observatory in summer as opposed to regions closer to the North Pole is attributed to differences in ocean biology, vertical distribution of phytoplankton, and the earlier start of the summer season.

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Measurements of particulate sugars at urban and forested suburban sites

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Size resolved airborne particulate polysaccharides in summer high Arctic

Size resolved airborne particulate polysaccharides in summer high Arctic

Size-resolved atmospheric particulate polysaccharides in the high summer Arctic

New insights in sources of the sub-micrometre aerosol at Mt. Zeppelin observatory (Spitsbergen) in the year 2015

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