2004
DOI: 10.1139/x04-060
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Measurements of radiant emissive power and temperatures in crown fires

Abstract: This study presents spatially and temporally resolved measurements of air temperatures and radiant energy fluxes in a boreal forest crown fire. Measurements were collected 3.1, 6.2, 9.2, 12.3, and 13.8 m above the ground surface. Peak air temperatures exceeded 1330 °C, and maximum radiant energy fluxes occurred in the upper third of the forest stand and reached 290 kW·m–2. Average radiant flux from the flames across all experiments was found to be approximately 200 kW·m–2. Measured temperatures showed some var… Show more

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Cited by 138 publications
(89 citation statements)
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“…Our data are a first contribution, referred to the Mediterranean conifers, and show temperature peak values and transient responses fairly similar to those observed in boreal forests (Taylor et al, 2004;Butler et al, 2004b;Butler, 2010). Although the limitations of the thermocouples to reflect the true values of temperature in the flaming area are well known (e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 79%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Our data are a first contribution, referred to the Mediterranean conifers, and show temperature peak values and transient responses fairly similar to those observed in boreal forests (Taylor et al, 2004;Butler et al, 2004b;Butler, 2010). Although the limitations of the thermocouples to reflect the true values of temperature in the flaming area are well known (e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 79%
“…Although the limitations of the thermocouples to reflect the true values of temperature in the flaming area are well known (e.g. Pitts et al, 2002;Shannon & Butler, 2003;Bova & Dickinson, 2008), the errors when fine thermocouples are used can be considered as to relatively be minor for peaks temperatures (Butler et al, 2004b). Still, in our study, temperature records were primary used to determine fire spread in the full-scale experiment and the distance between fire front and crown to initiate a passive crown fire in the small-scale experiment.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Visible flaming edges are at lower temperature of about 600 K [11] than at the combustion zone, which can be up to 1300 • C [5]. This produces temperature gradients between the edges and fire center.…”
Section: Wildfire Flame Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mack lake crown fire had a wide range of behavior, and ICFME's Plot 9-crown fire [5] is taken as a case study. Plot 9's fire-intensity was about 90 MWm −1 , RoS and observed flame heights were 1.16 m/s and 20-30 m respectively.…”
Section: Refractive Index-height Variation In the Crown Firementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Flame temperatures in the combustion zone of a wildfire could be as high as 1330 • C [13]. The fierce temperature could thermally excite the flame species (FPS(g)) and consequently ionise them to produce electrons on selective basis determined by temperature and ionization potential.…”
Section: Flame Ionisationmentioning
confidence: 99%