Measurements of Rationality: Individual Differences in Information Processing, the Transitivity of Preferences and Decision Strategies

Sleboda, Patrycja; Sokołowska, Joanna

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01844

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…. We used the twenty-four-item version of the Rational-Experiential Inventory (Ayal, Rusou, Zakay, & Hochman, 2015;Pacini & Epstein, 1999) translated by Sleboda and Sokolowska (2017). This questionnaire is based on the cognitive experiential self-theory (Epstein, 1994) that acknowledges the individual differences in two types of processing: experiential (holistic, affective, and more rapid) and rational (analytic, logical, and slow).…”

Section: Rational-experiential Inventory (Rei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The factor structure of cognitive reflection, numeracy, and fluid intelligence: The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT

Sobków

Olszewska

Sirota

2022

Behavioral Decision Making

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The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) is one of the most popular measures of individual differences in rational thought and decision making. Nevertheless, it overlaps substantially with numeracy and intelligence, which impede the interpretation of results. The present research had two main aims. First, to investigate the generalizability of Verbal CRT-a novel measure of cognitive reflection less confounded with numeracy and math anxiety than numerical CRT-in cultural contexts outside US/UK . Second, to test the factor structure linking traditional-numerical-CRT, Verbal CRT, numeracy and fluid intelligence. In Studies 1a and 1b, we adapted and tested the validity and psychometric properties of Polish versions of tasks and scales. Next, using a large and diverse sample of Polish adults, we tested five models of the factor structure of cognitive abilities and thinking dispositions (Study 2).The most parsimonious and best-fitted model contained three latent variables: Verbal CRT, Numeracy (composed of the items from the Berlin Numeracy Test and traditional-numerical -CRT), and Fluid intelligence. In line with previous research, our results show that Verbal CRT is a valid cognitive reflection measure that provides a clearer interpretation than traditional CRT, even in a different language and cultural context.

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Section: Rational-experiential Inventory (Rei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The factor structure of cognitive reflection, numeracy, and fluid intelligence: The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT

Sobków

Olszewska

Sirota

2022

Behavioral Decision Making

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“…Choice experiments differ from traditional dual process theory laboratory tasks. The consistency of responses across multiple choice experiment tasks can be evaluated [18,19], but individual choice experiment responses are not judged normatively correct or incorrect given their dependence on respondent preferences. In addition, whereas traditional dual process theory tasks may lead to A1 responses in as few as two to three seconds [8,20], choice experiment task response times often are longer [e.g., 11]; this leads to imperfect assessment of whether choice experiment responses reflect A1 or A2.…”

Section: Dual Process Theory and Choice Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice experiment selection of tourism destinations in a dual process theory framework: The role of decision style and potential to promote deliberation

Lindberg

Stemmer

2022

PLoS ONE

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Models of consumer choice that assume rational decision processes are too simplistic, as they ignore intuitive processes and combinations of intuition and rationality. In dual process theory, System 1 processes are intuitive, fast, require low cognitive effort, and involve autonomous systems, while System 2 processes are deliberative, slower, reflect greater cognitive effort, and involve controlled attention. The dual process framework facilitates understanding of decision processes that may be diverse and complex. Based on response time as an indicator of System 2 use, we fill gaps in the tourism and choice experiment literatures by i) assessing the dimensionality of a decision style scale and its role in predicting System 2 use and ii) assessing whether researcher interventions, such as instructions, can promote System 2 use. The study is based on survey-based choice experiment responses of 483 domestic and international visitors across two Norwegian nature-based tourism destination contexts. Each visitor completed four choice experiment tasks for a total of 1,932 choice occasions. Results indicated diversity in extent of System 2 use. The decision style scale was multidimensional with both the intuitive and rational subscales predicting response time. We encourage inclusion of decision style scales–and specifically multidimensional scales–in future tourism choice and choice experiment applications. Statistically significant coefficients for instructions and unhurriedness suggest potential for researchers to increase System 2 processing in survey tasks. We encourage future use of this intervention, especially when survey tasks are intended to replicate “real world” decisions that rely heavily on System 2 use.

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“…open-ended version of the Cognitive Reflection Test (Toplak et al, 2014). Despite the Polish translation of this test being used in previous research (e.g., Czerwonka, 2016;Sleboda & Sokolowska, 2017;Sobkow, Olszewska, et al, 2020), to the best of our knowledge, no adequately validated and published version of this test is available in Polish. Thus, we decided to investigate the factor structure and internal consistency of this test as well.…”

Section: Numerical Cognitive Reflection Test (Ncrt) Participants Completed the Seven-itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the twenty-four-item version of the Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI-24; Ayal, Rusou, Zakay, & Hochman, 2015;Pacini & Epstein, 1999) translated by Sleboda and Sokolowska (2017). This questionnaire contains two main scales (i.e., Rational and Experiential) and four subscales: Rational Ability, Rational Favorability, Experiential Ability, and Experiential Favorability.…”

Section: Rational-experiential Inventory (Rei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factor Structure of Cognitive Reflection, Numeracy, and Fluid intelligence. The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT.

Sobków¹,

Olszewska²,

Sirota³

2021

Preprint

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General and specific cognitive abilities predict normatively (ir)rational thought. However, substantial overlap exists between individual measures of these cognitive abilities (i.e., numeracy, cognitive reflection, intelligence). The present research had two main aims: 1) to investigate the generalizability of the effects of Verbal CRT (a novel measure of cognitive reflection that is less confounded with numeracy and math attitudes than traditional CRT) outside US/UK samples, and 2) to test the factor structure of cognitive abilities. In Studies 1a and 1b, we adapted and tested the validity and psychometric properties of Polish versions of tasks and scales. Next, using a large and diverse sample of Polish adults, we tested five models of the factor structure of cognitive abilities (Study 2). The most parsimonious and best-fitted model contained three latent variables: Verbal CRT, Numeracy (composed of the items from the Berlin Numeracy Test, and classical – numerical – CRT), and Fluid intelligence. We argue that researchers investigating individual differences in rationality should focus on understanding mechanisms underlying specific – rationality-related – cognitive abilities.

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Measurements of Rationality: Individual Differences in Information Processing, the Transitivity of Preferences and Decision Strategies

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

The factor structure of cognitive reflection, numeracy, and fluid intelligence: The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT

The factor structure of cognitive reflection, numeracy, and fluid intelligence: The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT

Choice experiment selection of tourism destinations in a dual process theory framework: The role of decision style and potential to promote deliberation

The Factor Structure of Cognitive Reflection, Numeracy, and Fluid intelligence. The evidence from the Polish adaptation of the Verbal CRT.

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